Weibliche Genitalverstümmelung in Deutschland

Purpose: According to estimates by the WHO, between 100 and 140 million females worldwide are affected by female genital mutilation (FGM). Due to increased immigration, the number of girls and women in Germany affected or threatened by FGM has increased; currently, it is estimated that 24 000 females in Germany are affected. Material and Methods: From November 2008 to July 2009, 260 practice-based gynaecologists, all of whom routinely send their cytological samples to large laboratories, were questioned regarding patients with FGM. Among other aspects, information on the type of FGM and country in which the procedure was carried out was collected. Results: A total of 37 women with FGM were found in 14 (6.3 %) of the 223 participating physician practices, and a completed questionnaire was available for 24 (64.9 %) of them. Removal of the clitoris with partial or total removal of the labia minora (FGM-Typ II) was the most common form of mutilation and present in 58.3 %. The majority of the women originated from Eritrea (43.5 %) or Somalia (26.9 %). FGM was carried out during infancy in 28.6 % of the women. Conclusion: Practice-based gynaecologists in Germany are rarely contacted by women with FGM. In order to directly reach these women, special facilities are needed. The goal should be to prevent FGM in girls currently at risk in Germany, for example through targeted discussions with parents.