Unité de doctrine – contingency of practice? Towards the re-reading of the 20th Century principles of architectural conservation-restoration

The theoretical framework of building heritage conservation is not necessarily a predefined set of tenets and axioms with potentially universal significance, but a result of particular challenges and practices bound in time and place. In this article, the guidelines of building heritage conservation in Switzerland in the last century are outlined briefly with reference to the broader European theoretical discourse. Focusing on the contradictions between the theoretical position and practical work of Linus Birchler, it argues for the necessity to re-read and assess our principles of building heritage conservation in relation to the specific built cases they originated from.