Typing of colon and lung adenocarcinoma by high throughput imaging mass spectrometry

In advanced tumor stages, diagnosis is frequently made from metastatic tumor tissue. In some cases, the identification of the tumor of origin may be difficult by histology alone. In this setting, immunohistochemical and molecular biological methods are often required. In a subset of tumors definite diagnosis cannot be achieved. Thus, additional new diagnostic methods are required for precise tumor subtyping. Mass spectrometric methods are of special interest for the discrimination of different tumor types. We investigated whether it is possible to discern adenocarcinomas of colon and lung using high-throughput imaging mass spectrometry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays. 101 primary adenocarcinoma of the colon and 91 primary adenocarcinoma of the lung were used to train a Linear Discriminant Analysis model. Results were validated on an independent set of 116 colonic and 75 lung adenocarcinomas. In the validation cohort 109 of 116 patients with colonic and 67 of 75 patients with lung adenocarcinomas were correctly classified. The ability to define proteomic profiles capable to discern different tumor types promises a valuable tool in cancer diagnostics and might complement current approaches. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.