The impact of harvesting operations on timber quality: Causes and remedies

Forests are devastated daily to satisfy the world's timber demands. Tropical forests throughout the world are exploited and endangered. An obligation therefore exists to avoid damage to timber and minimise waste wherever possible. Timber harvesting as well as timber quality are defined and discussed in this paper. The effects of harvesting on timber quality are identified for each activity in the harvesting process, namely: felling, extraction, further conversion, transport and storage. Recent results of research on soil compaction and growth losses are included. The causes of damage are outlined and remedies are suggested with their subsequent implications for both management and labour. Current and future trends and developments in harvesting, in avoiding detrimental effects to timber quality, are discussed with special emphasis on the conservation of the environment.