The Galileo High-Accuracy Service: Evaluating the Quality of the Corrections and Initial PPP Performance †

The Galileo High-Accuracy Service (HAS) is providing free Precise Point Positioning (PPP) corrections for Galileo and GPS satellites through the E6b signal and the internet. Currently, HAS should provide a horizontal and vertical 95% accuracy below 20 centimetres and 40 centimetres, respectively. To assess the accuracy of the current HAS corrections, software has been developed to receive, decode and use HAS corrections. HAS corrections were acquired in the Munich area (Germany) during two sessions in November 2022 and April 2023. The decoder was validated by comparing recorded corrections to data from the Galileo High Accuracy Reference Algorithm and User Terminal (HAUT). Then, the availability and quality of HAS corrections were analysed. The use of orbit and clock corrections significantly improves the broadcast product accuracy; for instance, the Galileo orbit RMS error decreases up to 43% and the GPS RMS up to 80%. The code bias accuracy is at sub-nanosecond level. Finally, to validate the use of HAS corrections, PPP positioning has been achieved. For the used station network, we reached a 95% horizontal and vertical accuracy of 19 cm and 34 cm, respectively, for the kinematic and bi-constellation positioning matching with targeted HAS performances.