TY - CHAP
T1 - Techniques and applications of magnetic resonance imaging for studying brown adipose tissue morphometry and function
AU - Karampinos, Dimitrios C.
AU - Weidlich, Dominik
AU - Wu, Mingming
AU - Hu, Houchun H.
AU - Franz, Daniela
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - The present review reports on the current knowledge and recent findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) of brown adipose tissue (BAT). The work summarizes the features and mechanisms that allow MRI to differentiate BAT from white adipose tissue (WAT) by making use of their distinct morphological appearance and the functional characteristics of BAT. MR is a versatile imaging modality with multiple contrast mechanisms as potential candidates in the study of BAT, targeting properties of 1H, 13C, or 129Xe nuclei. Techniques for assessing BAT morphometry based on fat fraction and markers of BAT microstructure, including intermolecular quantum coherence and diffusion imaging, are first described. Techniques for assessing BAT function based on the measurement of BAT metabolic activity, perfusion, oxygenation, and temperature are then presented. The application of the above methods in studies of BAT in animals and humans is described, and future directions in MR study of BAT are finally discussed.
AB - The present review reports on the current knowledge and recent findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) of brown adipose tissue (BAT). The work summarizes the features and mechanisms that allow MRI to differentiate BAT from white adipose tissue (WAT) by making use of their distinct morphological appearance and the functional characteristics of BAT. MR is a versatile imaging modality with multiple contrast mechanisms as potential candidates in the study of BAT, targeting properties of 1H, 13C, or 129Xe nuclei. Techniques for assessing BAT morphometry based on fat fraction and markers of BAT microstructure, including intermolecular quantum coherence and diffusion imaging, are first described. Techniques for assessing BAT function based on the measurement of BAT metabolic activity, perfusion, oxygenation, and temperature are then presented. The application of the above methods in studies of BAT in animals and humans is described, and future directions in MR study of BAT are finally discussed.
KW - Activation
KW - Brown adipose tissue
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW - Morphology
KW - White adipose tissue
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064196262&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/164_2018_158
DO - 10.1007/164_2018_158
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 30099625
AN - SCOPUS:85064196262
T3 - Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
SP - 299
EP - 324
BT - Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
PB - Springer New York LLC
ER -