Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications

F. Atchison; T. Bryś; M. Daum; P. Fierlinger; A. Foelske; M. Gupta; R. Henneck; S. Heule; M. Kasprzak; K. Kirch; R. Kötz; M. Kuźniak; T. Lippert; C. F. Meyer; F. Nolting; A. Pichlmaier; D. Schneider; B. Schultrich; P. Siemroth; U. Straumann

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008

Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications

F. Atchison, T. Bryś, M. Daum, P. Fierlinger, A. Foelske, M. Gupta, R. Henneck, S. Heule, M. Kasprzak, K. Kirch, R. Kötz, M. Kuźniak, T. Lippert, C. F. Meyer, F. Nolting, A. Pichlmaier, D. Schneider, B. Schultrich, P. Siemroth, U. Straumann

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

47 Scopus citations

Abstract

We have produced hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films by vacuum arc deposition for use as wall coating material in ultracold neutron (UCN) applications. The sp³ fraction, the main quality factor for DLC used in UCN applications, was varied from 0.4 to 0.9, the coating thickness between 10 nm and 120 nm. The samples were characterized by using X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Laser induced surface Acoustic Waves (LAwave), cold neutron reflectometry and Raman spectroscopy at visible excitation wavelength. We observe reasonable agreement between the different results for film thicknesses below 20 nm. For larger thickness, we find that the surface-sensitive methods XPS and XANES yield smaller sp³ fractions (by up to 20%) than the bulk-sensitive LAwave, being consistent with the assumption of a lower-density surface layer on a nominal-density bulk layer.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	334-341
Number of pages	8
Journal	Diamond and Related Materials
Volume	16
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008
State	Published - Feb 2007
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Characterization methods
Diamond-like carbon
Laser arc deposition
Ultracold neutrons
sp bonding

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10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008

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Atchison, F., Bryś, T., Daum, M., Fierlinger, P., Foelske, A., Gupta, M., Henneck, R., Heule, S., Kasprzak, M., Kirch, K., Kötz, R., Kuźniak, M., Lippert, T., Meyer, C. F., Nolting, F., Pichlmaier, A., Schneider, D., Schultrich, B., Siemroth, P., & Straumann, U. (2007). Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications. Diamond and Related Materials, 16(2), 334-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008

@article{db1e04fc1c69479b949b75f877c73054,

title = "Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications",

abstract = "We have produced hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films by vacuum arc deposition for use as wall coating material in ultracold neutron (UCN) applications. The sp3 fraction, the main quality factor for DLC used in UCN applications, was varied from 0.4 to 0.9, the coating thickness between 10 nm and 120 nm. The samples were characterized by using X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Laser induced surface Acoustic Waves (LAwave), cold neutron reflectometry and Raman spectroscopy at visible excitation wavelength. We observe reasonable agreement between the different results for film thicknesses below 20 nm. For larger thickness, we find that the surface-sensitive methods XPS and XANES yield smaller sp3 fractions (by up to 20%) than the bulk-sensitive LAwave, being consistent with the assumption of a lower-density surface layer on a nominal-density bulk layer.",

keywords = "Characterization methods, Diamond-like carbon, Laser arc deposition, Ultracold neutrons, sp bonding",

author = "F. Atchison and T. Bry{\'s} and M. Daum and P. Fierlinger and A. Foelske and M. Gupta and R. Henneck and S. Heule and M. Kasprzak and K. Kirch and R. K{\"o}tz and M. Ku{\'z}niak and T. Lippert and Meyer, {C. F.} and F. Nolting and A. Pichlmaier and D. Schneider and B. Schultrich and P. Siemroth and U. Straumann",

note = "Funding Information: This work was performed at the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland and at the Fraunhofer Institut f{\"u}r Werkstoff-und Strahltechnik, Dresden, Germany. We appreciate the valuable discussions with J. Berthold, M. Janousch, T. Gutberlet, L. Hardwick, C. Quitmann, L. Patthey, A. Scheidegger and U. Staub. This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200021-105400).",

year = "2007",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008",

language = "English",

volume = "16",

pages = "334--341",

journal = "Diamond and Related Materials",

issn = "0925-9635",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

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Atchison, F, Bryś, T, Daum, M, Fierlinger, P, Foelske, A, Gupta, M, Henneck, R, Heule, S, Kasprzak, M, Kirch, K, Kötz, R, Kuźniak, M, Lippert, T, Meyer, CF, Nolting, F, Pichlmaier, A, Schneider, D, Schultrich, B, Siemroth, P & Straumann, U 2007, 'Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications', Diamond and Related Materials, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 334-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008

TY - JOUR

T1 - Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications

AU - Atchison, F.

AU - Bryś, T.

AU - Daum, M.

AU - Fierlinger, P.

AU - Foelske, A.

AU - Gupta, M.

AU - Henneck, R.

AU - Heule, S.

AU - Kasprzak, M.

AU - Kirch, K.

AU - Kötz, R.

AU - Kuźniak, M.

AU - Lippert, T.

AU - Meyer, C. F.

AU - Nolting, F.

AU - Pichlmaier, A.

AU - Schneider, D.

AU - Schultrich, B.

AU - Siemroth, P.

AU - Straumann, U.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was performed at the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland and at the Fraunhofer Institut für Werkstoff-und Strahltechnik, Dresden, Germany. We appreciate the valuable discussions with J. Berthold, M. Janousch, T. Gutberlet, L. Hardwick, C. Quitmann, L. Patthey, A. Scheidegger and U. Staub. This work is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200021-105400).

PY - 2007/2

Y1 - 2007/2

N2 - We have produced hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films by vacuum arc deposition for use as wall coating material in ultracold neutron (UCN) applications. The sp3 fraction, the main quality factor for DLC used in UCN applications, was varied from 0.4 to 0.9, the coating thickness between 10 nm and 120 nm. The samples were characterized by using X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Laser induced surface Acoustic Waves (LAwave), cold neutron reflectometry and Raman spectroscopy at visible excitation wavelength. We observe reasonable agreement between the different results for film thicknesses below 20 nm. For larger thickness, we find that the surface-sensitive methods XPS and XANES yield smaller sp3 fractions (by up to 20%) than the bulk-sensitive LAwave, being consistent with the assumption of a lower-density surface layer on a nominal-density bulk layer.

AB - We have produced hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films by vacuum arc deposition for use as wall coating material in ultracold neutron (UCN) applications. The sp3 fraction, the main quality factor for DLC used in UCN applications, was varied from 0.4 to 0.9, the coating thickness between 10 nm and 120 nm. The samples were characterized by using X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Laser induced surface Acoustic Waves (LAwave), cold neutron reflectometry and Raman spectroscopy at visible excitation wavelength. We observe reasonable agreement between the different results for film thicknesses below 20 nm. For larger thickness, we find that the surface-sensitive methods XPS and XANES yield smaller sp3 fractions (by up to 20%) than the bulk-sensitive LAwave, being consistent with the assumption of a lower-density surface layer on a nominal-density bulk layer.

KW - Characterization methods

KW - Diamond-like carbon

KW - Laser arc deposition

KW - Ultracold neutrons

KW - sp bonding

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33846305113&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008

DO - 10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.008

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:33846305113

SN - 0925-9635

VL - 16

SP - 334

EP - 341

JO - Diamond and Related Materials

JF - Diamond and Related Materials

IS - 2

ER -

Structural characterization of diamond-like carbon films for ultracold neutron applications

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Keywords

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