Shift in polyphenol profile and sublethal phenotype caused by silencing of anthocyanidin synthase in apple (Malus sp.)

Iris Szankowski; Henryk Flachowsky; Houhua Li; Heidrun Halbwirth; Dieter Treutter; Ionela Regos; Magda Viola Hanke; Karl Stich; Thilo C. Fischer

doi:10.1007/s00425-008-0864-4

Shift in polyphenol profile and sublethal phenotype caused by silencing of anthocyanidin synthase in apple (Malus sp.)

Iris Szankowski, Henryk Flachowsky, Houhua Li, Heidrun Halbwirth, Dieter Treutter, Ionela Regos, Magda Viola Hanke, Karl Stich, Thilo C. Fischer

Associate Professorship of Fruit Science (2008 — 2021)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

58 Scopus citations

Abstract

We have investigated the consequences of blocking anthocyanin biosynthesis by silencing a key enzyme, anthocyanidin synthase, in transgenic plants of a red-leaved apple cultivar. This is complementary to a previous study of induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis by overexpressing a heterologous transcription factor. Analysis of these opposite phenotypes allows one to study anthocyanin functions in apple and to test the influence of the genetic manipulation on other, related metabolites. As expected, anthocyanin biosynthesis was almost completely blocked and this was accompanied by a shift in the profile of flavonoids and related polyphenols. Most interestingly, a rise in epicatechin was found. A severe reduction of viability by necrotic leaf lesions was also observed, suggesting an essential function of anthocyanins in apple.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	681-692
Number of pages	12
Journal	Planta
Volume	229
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-008-0864-4
State	Published - Feb 2009

Keywords

Anthocyanidin synthase
Epicatechin
Flavonoids
Gene silencing
Malus
Transformation

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10.1007/s00425-008-0864-4

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title = "Shift in polyphenol profile and sublethal phenotype caused by silencing of anthocyanidin synthase in apple (Malus sp.)",

abstract = "We have investigated the consequences of blocking anthocyanin biosynthesis by silencing a key enzyme, anthocyanidin synthase, in transgenic plants of a red-leaved apple cultivar. This is complementary to a previous study of induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis by overexpressing a heterologous transcription factor. Analysis of these opposite phenotypes allows one to study anthocyanin functions in apple and to test the influence of the genetic manipulation on other, related metabolites. As expected, anthocyanin biosynthesis was almost completely blocked and this was accompanied by a shift in the profile of flavonoids and related polyphenols. Most interestingly, a rise in epicatechin was found. A severe reduction of viability by necrotic leaf lesions was also observed, suggesting an essential function of anthocyanins in apple.",

keywords = "Anthocyanidin synthase, Epicatechin, Flavonoids, Gene silencing, Malus, Transformation",

author = "Iris Szankowski and Henryk Flachowsky and Houhua Li and Heidrun Halbwirth and Dieter Treutter and Ionela Regos and Hanke, {Magda Viola} and Karl Stich and Fischer, {Thilo C.}",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge Anja H{\"a}rter for technical assistance during identiWcation and quantiWcation of phenolics compounds. Jarod Rollins is gratefully acknowledged for correcting the English text. The authors acknowledge the Wnancial support for substantial parts of this work by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF).",

year = "2009",

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doi = "10.1007/s00425-008-0864-4",

language = "English",

volume = "229",

pages = "681--692",

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AU - Szankowski, Iris

AU - Flachowsky, Henryk

AU - Li, Houhua

AU - Halbwirth, Heidrun

AU - Treutter, Dieter

AU - Regos, Ionela

AU - Hanke, Magda Viola

AU - Stich, Karl

AU - Fischer, Thilo C.

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge Anja Härter for technical assistance during identiWcation and quantiWcation of phenolics compounds. Jarod Rollins is gratefully acknowledged for correcting the English text. The authors acknowledge the Wnancial support for substantial parts of this work by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF).

PY - 2009/2

Y1 - 2009/2

N2 - We have investigated the consequences of blocking anthocyanin biosynthesis by silencing a key enzyme, anthocyanidin synthase, in transgenic plants of a red-leaved apple cultivar. This is complementary to a previous study of induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis by overexpressing a heterologous transcription factor. Analysis of these opposite phenotypes allows one to study anthocyanin functions in apple and to test the influence of the genetic manipulation on other, related metabolites. As expected, anthocyanin biosynthesis was almost completely blocked and this was accompanied by a shift in the profile of flavonoids and related polyphenols. Most interestingly, a rise in epicatechin was found. A severe reduction of viability by necrotic leaf lesions was also observed, suggesting an essential function of anthocyanins in apple.

AB - We have investigated the consequences of blocking anthocyanin biosynthesis by silencing a key enzyme, anthocyanidin synthase, in transgenic plants of a red-leaved apple cultivar. This is complementary to a previous study of induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis by overexpressing a heterologous transcription factor. Analysis of these opposite phenotypes allows one to study anthocyanin functions in apple and to test the influence of the genetic manipulation on other, related metabolites. As expected, anthocyanin biosynthesis was almost completely blocked and this was accompanied by a shift in the profile of flavonoids and related polyphenols. Most interestingly, a rise in epicatechin was found. A severe reduction of viability by necrotic leaf lesions was also observed, suggesting an essential function of anthocyanins in apple.

KW - Anthocyanidin synthase

KW - Epicatechin

KW - Flavonoids

KW - Gene silencing

KW - Malus

KW - Transformation

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DO - 10.1007/s00425-008-0864-4

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SN - 0032-0935

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JO - Planta

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IS - 3

ER -

Shift in polyphenol profile and sublethal phenotype caused by silencing of anthocyanidin synthase in apple (Malus sp.)

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