TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk associated with the intake of aflatoxin M1 from milk in Iran
AU - Fooladi Moghaddam, A.
AU - Rychlik, M.
AU - Hosseini, H.
AU - Janat, B.
AU - Yazdanpanah, H.
AU - Shojaee AliAbadi, M. H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Wageningen Academic Publishers
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Aflatoxin M1 is an oxidative metabolite of aflatoxin B1 formed in liver and excreted into milk, urine and faeces of dairy cattle and other mammalian species. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified aflatoxin M1 in Group 2B because of its potential to get bioactivated to a mutagen analogous to aflatoxin B1. Risk assessments are undertaken to guide food regulators and scientists in risk management processes, such as the legislative levels or guideline targets for mycotoxins in food supplies. Using existing international resources for hazard data and local exposure data, and based on cancer potency as the endpoint, the risk of exposure to aflatoxin M1 in milk for the Iranian population was calculated considering various scenarios. During 2014-2015, 518 samples were collected from the market and tested for aflatoxin M1 contamination by HPLC-FLD. The most probable scenarios calculated as mean occurrence multiplied by the mean consumption in consumers of milk, and for maximum level allowed for aflatoxin M1 in milk with 99 percentiles of milk consumption showed the risk of 0.08 and 0.72 additional liver cancer cases per year for the Iranian population, respectively. Thus, our study reveals a low risk and that the current maximum limit of 100 ng/l for aflatoxin M1 in milk, heat treated milk and flavoured milk is sustainable.
AB - Aflatoxin M1 is an oxidative metabolite of aflatoxin B1 formed in liver and excreted into milk, urine and faeces of dairy cattle and other mammalian species. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified aflatoxin M1 in Group 2B because of its potential to get bioactivated to a mutagen analogous to aflatoxin B1. Risk assessments are undertaken to guide food regulators and scientists in risk management processes, such as the legislative levels or guideline targets for mycotoxins in food supplies. Using existing international resources for hazard data and local exposure data, and based on cancer potency as the endpoint, the risk of exposure to aflatoxin M1 in milk for the Iranian population was calculated considering various scenarios. During 2014-2015, 518 samples were collected from the market and tested for aflatoxin M1 contamination by HPLC-FLD. The most probable scenarios calculated as mean occurrence multiplied by the mean consumption in consumers of milk, and for maximum level allowed for aflatoxin M1 in milk with 99 percentiles of milk consumption showed the risk of 0.08 and 0.72 additional liver cancer cases per year for the Iranian population, respectively. Thus, our study reveals a low risk and that the current maximum limit of 100 ng/l for aflatoxin M1 in milk, heat treated milk and flavoured milk is sustainable.
KW - Aflatoxin M
KW - Exposure assessment
KW - Milk
KW - Risk assessment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064335756&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3920/WMJ2018.2368
DO - 10.3920/WMJ2018.2368
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85064335756
SN - 1875-0710
VL - 12
SP - 191
EP - 200
JO - World Mycotoxin Journal
JF - World Mycotoxin Journal
IS - 2
ER -