TY - JOUR
T1 - Relative weight-related costs of healthcare use by children - Results from the two German birth cohorts, GINI-plus and LISA-plus
AU - Breitfelder, Ariane
AU - Wenig, Christina M.
AU - Wolfenstetter, Silke B.
AU - Rzehak, Peter
AU - Menn, Petra
AU - John, Jürgen
AU - Leidl, Reiner
AU - Bauer, Carl Peter
AU - Koletzko, Sibylle
AU - Röder, Stefan
AU - Herbarth, Olf
AU - Von Berg, Andrea
AU - Berdel, Dietrich
AU - Krämer, Ursula
AU - Schaaf, Beate
AU - Wichmann, H. Erich
AU - Heinrich, Joachim
AU - Sausenthaler, S.
AU - Zutavern, A.
AU - Chen, C. M.
AU - Schnappinger, M.
AU - Beckmann, C.
AU - Groß, I.
AU - Reinhard, D.
AU - Krauss-Etschmann, S.
AU - Brockow, I.
AU - Grübl, A.
AU - Hoffmann, U.
AU - Link, E.
AU - Cramer, C.
AU - Behrendt, H.
AU - Borte, M.
AU - Diez, U.
AU - Lehmann, I.
AU - Bauer, M.
AU - Gräbsch, C.
AU - Schilde, M.
AU - Dick, C.
AU - Magnus, J.
AU - Grosch, J.
AU - Martin, F.
N1 - Funding Information:
The GINI Intervention study was funded for 3 years by grants from the Federal Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology (Grant No. 01 EE 9401-4), the 6-year follow-up of the GINI-plus study was partly funded by the Federal Ministry of Environment (IUF, Grant No. 20462296). The LISA-plus study was funded by grants from the Federal Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology (Grant No. 01 EG 9705/2 and 01EG9732) and the 6-year follow-up of the LISA-plus study was partly funded by the Federal Ministry of Environment (IUF, Grant No. 20462296).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the “Kompetenznetz Adipositas (Competence Network Obesity)” as part of the MEMORI (Multidisciplinary Early Modification of Obesity Risk) project funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Grant No. 01GI0826). Personal and financial support from the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC HEALTH) as part of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU innovative) is gratefully acknowledged.
Funding Information:
This paper is part of the MEMORI (Multidisciplinary Early Modification of Obesity Risk) project of the “Kompetenznetz Adipositas (Competence Network Obesity)”, which is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under grant number 01GI0826.
PY - 2011/7
Y1 - 2011/7
N2 - Obesity among children and adolescents is a growing public health burden. According to a national reference among German children and adolescents aged 3-17 years, 15% are overweight (including obese) and 6.3% are obese. This study aims to assess the economic burden associated with overweight and obesity in children based on a cross-sectional survey from two birth cohort studies: the GINI-plus - German Infant Nutritional Intervention plus Non-Intervention study (3287 respondents aged 9 to <12 years) and the LISA-plus study - Influence of life-style factors on the development of the immune system and allergies in East and West Germany (1762 respondents aged 9 to <12 years). Using a bottom-up approach, we analyse direct costs induced by the utilisation of healthcare services and indirect costs emerging from parents' productivity losses. To investigate the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on costs, we perform various descriptive analyses and estimate a two-part regression model. Average annual total direct medical costs of healthcare use are estimated to be €418 (95% CI [346-511]) per child, split between physician (22%), therapist (29%), hospital (41%) and inpatient rehabilitation costs (8%). Bivariate analysis shows considerable differences between BMI groups: €469 (severely underweight), €468 (underweight), €402 (normal weight), €468 (overweight) and €680 (obese). Indirect costs make up €101 per year on average and tend to be higher for obese children, although this was not statistically significant. Drawing on these results, differences in healthcare costs between BMI groups are already apparent in children.
AB - Obesity among children and adolescents is a growing public health burden. According to a national reference among German children and adolescents aged 3-17 years, 15% are overweight (including obese) and 6.3% are obese. This study aims to assess the economic burden associated with overweight and obesity in children based on a cross-sectional survey from two birth cohort studies: the GINI-plus - German Infant Nutritional Intervention plus Non-Intervention study (3287 respondents aged 9 to <12 years) and the LISA-plus study - Influence of life-style factors on the development of the immune system and allergies in East and West Germany (1762 respondents aged 9 to <12 years). Using a bottom-up approach, we analyse direct costs induced by the utilisation of healthcare services and indirect costs emerging from parents' productivity losses. To investigate the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on costs, we perform various descriptive analyses and estimate a two-part regression model. Average annual total direct medical costs of healthcare use are estimated to be €418 (95% CI [346-511]) per child, split between physician (22%), therapist (29%), hospital (41%) and inpatient rehabilitation costs (8%). Bivariate analysis shows considerable differences between BMI groups: €469 (severely underweight), €468 (underweight), €402 (normal weight), €468 (overweight) and €680 (obese). Indirect costs make up €101 per year on average and tend to be higher for obese children, although this was not statistically significant. Drawing on these results, differences in healthcare costs between BMI groups are already apparent in children.
KW - Children
KW - Cost-of-illness
KW - Healthcare utilisation
KW - Obesity
KW - Overweight
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79958121183&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ehb.2011.02.001
DO - 10.1016/j.ehb.2011.02.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 21371953
AN - SCOPUS:79958121183
SN - 1570-677X
VL - 9
SP - 302
EP - 315
JO - Economics and Human Biology
JF - Economics and Human Biology
IS - 3
ER -
