Realistic Neutral Atom Image Simulation

Jonas Winklmann, Dimitrios Tsevas, Martin Schulz

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

Abstract

Neutral atom quantum computers require accurate single atom detection for the preparation and readout of their qubits. This is usually done using fluorescence imaging. The occupancy of an atom site in these images is often somewhat ambiguous due to the stochastic nature of the imaging process. Further, the lack of ground truth makes it difficult to rate the accuracy of reconstruction algorithms. We introduce a bottom-up simulator that is capable of generating sample images of neutral atom experiments from a description of the actual state in the simulated system. Possible use cases include the creation of exemplary images for demonstration purposes, fast training iterations for deconvolution algorithms, and generation of labeled data for machine-learning-based atom detection approaches. The implementation is available through our GitHub as a C library or wrapped Python package. We show the modeled effects and implementation of the simulations at different stages of the imaging process. Not all real-world phenomena can be reproduced perfectly. The main discrepancies are that the simulator allows for only one characterization of optical aberrations across the whole image, supports only discrete atom locations, and does not model all effects of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) cameras perfectly. Nevertheless, our experiments show that the generated images closely match real-world pictures to the point that they are practically indistinguishable and can be used as labeled data for training the next generation of detection algorithms.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023
EditorsHausi Muller, Yuri Alexev, Andrea Delgado, Greg Byrd
PublisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages1349-1359
Number of pages11
ISBN (Electronic)9798350343236
DOIs
StatePublished - 2023
Event4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023 - Bellevue, United States
Duration: 17 Sep 202322 Sep 2023

Publication series

NameProceedings - 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023
Volume1

Conference

Conference4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering, QCE 2023
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityBellevue
Period17/09/2322/09/23

Keywords

  • optical diffraction
  • quantum computing
  • simulation

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