TY - JOUR
T1 - Raman microspectroscopy of soot and related carbonaceous materials
T2 - Spectral analysis and structural information
AU - Sadezky, A.
AU - Muckenhuber, H.
AU - Grothe, H.
AU - Niessner, R.
AU - Pöschl, U.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank K. Müllen and co-workers (Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz) as well as C. Adelhelm for providing hexabenzocoronene; D. Rothe for providing diesel soot samples; and H. Fink, N. Ivleva, and U. Panne for support with the Raman microscope. Financial support by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (AFO2000, CARBAERO, 07ATC05), the Max-Buchner-Forschungsstiftung (Project 2486), and the Vienna University of Technology is gratefully acknowledged.
PY - 2005/7
Y1 - 2005/7
N2 - Experimental conditions and mathematical fitting procedures for the collection and analysis of Raman spectra of soot and related carbonaceous materials have been investigated and optimised with a Raman microscope system operated at three different laser excitation wavelengths (514, 633, and 780 nm). Several band combinations for spectral analysis have been tested, and a combination of four Lorentzian-shaped bands (G, D1, D2, D4) at about 1580, 1350, 1620, and 1200 cm-1, respectively, with a Gaussian-shaped band (D3) at ∼1500 cm-1 was best suited for the first-order spectra. The second-order spectra were best fitted with Lorentzian-shaped bands at about 2450, 2700, 2900, and 3100 cm-1. Spectral parameters (band positions, full widths at half maximum, and intensity ratios) are reported for several types of industrial carbon black (Degussa Printex, Cabot Monarch), diesel soot (particulate matter from modern heavy duty vehicle and passenger car engine exhaust, NIST SRM1650), spark-discharge soot (Palas GfG100), and graphite. Several parameters, in particular the width of the D1 band at ∼1350 cm -1, provide structural information and allow to discriminate the sample materials, but the characterisation and distinction of different types of soot is limited by the experimental reproducibility of the spectra and the statistical uncertainties of curve fitting. The results are discussed and compared with X-ray diffraction measurements and earlier Raman spectroscopic studies of comparable materials, where different measurement and fitting procedures had been applied.
AB - Experimental conditions and mathematical fitting procedures for the collection and analysis of Raman spectra of soot and related carbonaceous materials have been investigated and optimised with a Raman microscope system operated at three different laser excitation wavelengths (514, 633, and 780 nm). Several band combinations for spectral analysis have been tested, and a combination of four Lorentzian-shaped bands (G, D1, D2, D4) at about 1580, 1350, 1620, and 1200 cm-1, respectively, with a Gaussian-shaped band (D3) at ∼1500 cm-1 was best suited for the first-order spectra. The second-order spectra were best fitted with Lorentzian-shaped bands at about 2450, 2700, 2900, and 3100 cm-1. Spectral parameters (band positions, full widths at half maximum, and intensity ratios) are reported for several types of industrial carbon black (Degussa Printex, Cabot Monarch), diesel soot (particulate matter from modern heavy duty vehicle and passenger car engine exhaust, NIST SRM1650), spark-discharge soot (Palas GfG100), and graphite. Several parameters, in particular the width of the D1 band at ∼1350 cm -1, provide structural information and allow to discriminate the sample materials, but the characterisation and distinction of different types of soot is limited by the experimental reproducibility of the spectra and the statistical uncertainties of curve fitting. The results are discussed and compared with X-ray diffraction measurements and earlier Raman spectroscopic studies of comparable materials, where different measurement and fitting procedures had been applied.
KW - Graphitic carbon
KW - Microstructure
KW - Raman spectroscopy
KW - Soot
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=19744372616&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.02.018
DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.02.018
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:19744372616
SN - 0008-6223
VL - 43
SP - 1731
EP - 1742
JO - Carbon
JF - Carbon
IS - 8
ER -