TY - JOUR
T1 - Persistent endosulfan sulfate is found with highest abundance among endosulfan I, II, and sulfate in German forest soils
AU - Bussian, Bernd M.
AU - Pandelova, Marchela
AU - Lehnik-Habrink, Petra
AU - Aichner, Bernhard
AU - Henkelmann, Bernhard
AU - Schramm, Karl Werner
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Endosulfan - an agricultural insecticide and banned by Stockholm Convention - is produced as a 2:1 to 7:3 mixture of isomers endosulfan I (ESI) and endosulfan II (ESII). Endosulfan is transformed under aerobic conditions into endosulfan sulfate (ESS). The study shows for 76 sampling locations in German forests that endosulfan is abundant in all samples with an opposite ratio between the ESI and ESII than the technical product, where the main metabolite ESS is found with even higher abundance. The ratio between ESI/ESII and ESS show clear dependence on the type of stands (coniferous vs. deciduous) and humus type and increases from deciduous via mixed to coniferous forest stands. The study argues for a systematic monitoring of ESI, ESII, and ESS and underlines the need for further research, specifically on the fate of endosulfan including biomagnifications and bioaccumulation in soil.
AB - Endosulfan - an agricultural insecticide and banned by Stockholm Convention - is produced as a 2:1 to 7:3 mixture of isomers endosulfan I (ESI) and endosulfan II (ESII). Endosulfan is transformed under aerobic conditions into endosulfan sulfate (ESS). The study shows for 76 sampling locations in German forests that endosulfan is abundant in all samples with an opposite ratio between the ESI and ESII than the technical product, where the main metabolite ESS is found with even higher abundance. The ratio between ESI/ESII and ESS show clear dependence on the type of stands (coniferous vs. deciduous) and humus type and increases from deciduous via mixed to coniferous forest stands. The study argues for a systematic monitoring of ESI, ESII, and ESS and underlines the need for further research, specifically on the fate of endosulfan including biomagnifications and bioaccumulation in soil.
KW - Diffuse pollution
KW - Endosulfan
KW - Forest soils
KW - Soil monitoring
KW - Stockholm-convention
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84940434637&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.023
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 26319511
AN - SCOPUS:84940434637
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 206
SP - 661
EP - 666
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
ER -