Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Collaboration

Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Collaboration

Chair of Experimental Physics with Cosmic Particles

Chiba-U
The Pennsylvania State University
University of Wisconsin
Loyola University Chicago
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
University of Canterbury
Université Libre de Bruxelles
Niels Bohr Institutet
Oskar Klein Centre
University of Geneva
Humanoid Technologies Lab (H2T)
University of Delaware
The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Marquette University
Eberly College of Science
Friedrich-Alexander Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU)
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
University of California, Irvine
University of California at Berkeley
Ohio State University
Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Max-Planck-lnstitut für Kohlenforschung
Technical University of Munich
University of Rochester
University of Maryland
University of Padova
University of Kansas
National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
RWTH Aachen University
Johannes Gutenberg University
Uppsala University
University of Adelaide
University of Münster
Drexel University
Georgia Institute of Technology
Sungkyunkwan University
Michigan State University
Queen's University
VUB Neurology
Ghent University
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Southern University and A&M College
University of Alabama
University of Alberta
pro3dure medical GmbH
University of Tokyo
Clark-Atlanta University
University of Texas at Arlington
SUNY
University of California at Los Angeles
Yale University
Mercer University at Macon
University of Alaska Anchorage
University of Utah
University of Oxford
University of Wisconsin-River Falls

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

Abstract

New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.

Original language	English
Article number	1042
Journal	Proceedings of Science
Volume	395
State	Published - 18 Mar 2022
Event	37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021 - Virtual, Berlin, Germany Duration: 12 Jul 2021 → 23 Jul 2021

Cite this

@article{48ccf8452c2644cea6a28216571c063e,

title = "Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade",

abstract = "New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.",

author = "\{The IceCube Collaboration\} and Colton Hill and Maximillian Meier and Ryo Nagai and Ken{\textquoteright}ichi Kin and Nobuhiro Shimizu and Aya Ishihara and Shigeru Yoshida and Tyler Anderson and Jim Braun and Aaron Fienberg and Jeff Weber and R. Abbasi and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and Aguilar, \{J. A.\} and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and C. Alispach and Alves, \{A. A.\} and Amin, \{N. M.\} and R. An and K. Andeen and T. Anderson and G. Anton and C. Arg{\"u}elles and Y. Ashida and S. Axani and X. Bai and Balagopal, \{A. V.\} and A. Barbano and Barwick, \{S. W.\} and B. Bastian and V. Basu and S. Baur and R. Bay and Beatty, \{J. J.\} and Becker, \{K. H.\} and \{Becker Tjus\}, J. and C. Bellenghi and S. BenZvi and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and Besson, \{D. Z.\} and G. Binder and D. Bindig and E. Blaufuss and S. Blot and M. Boddenberg and F. Bontempo and E. Resconi",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright owned by the author(s).; 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021 ; Conference date: 12-07-2021 Through 23-07-2021",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "18",

language = "English",

volume = "395",

journal = "Proceedings of Science",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

AU - The IceCube Collaboration

AU - Hill, Colton

AU - Meier, Maximillian

AU - Nagai, Ryo

AU - Kin, Ken’ichi

AU - Shimizu, Nobuhiro

AU - Ishihara, Aya

AU - Yoshida, Shigeru

AU - Anderson, Tyler

AU - Braun, Jim

AU - Fienberg, Aaron

AU - Weber, Jeff

AU - Abbasi, R.

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Adams, J.

AU - Aguilar, J. A.

AU - Ahlers, M.

AU - Ahrens, M.

AU - Alispach, C.

AU - Alves, A. A.

AU - Amin, N. M.

AU - An, R.

AU - Andeen, K.

AU - Anderson, T.

AU - Anton, G.

AU - Argüelles, C.

AU - Ashida, Y.

AU - Axani, S.

AU - Bai, X.

AU - Balagopal, A. V.

AU - Barbano, A.

AU - Barwick, S. W.

AU - Bastian, B.

AU - Basu, V.

AU - Baur, S.

AU - Bay, R.

AU - Beatty, J. J.

AU - Becker, K. H.

AU - Becker Tjus, J.

AU - Bellenghi, C.

AU - BenZvi, S.

AU - Berley, D.

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Besson, D. Z.

AU - Binder, G.

AU - Bindig, D.

AU - Blaufuss, E.

AU - Blot, S.

AU - Boddenberg, M.

AU - Bontempo, F.

AU - Resconi, E.

PY - 2022/3/18

Y1 - 2022/3/18

N2 - New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.

AB - New optical sensors called the “D-Egg” have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high quantum efficient photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitised using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 240 MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200 PE within 10 ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in data acquisition system.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85145018482

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:85145018482

SN - 1824-8039

VL - 395

JO - Proceedings of Science

JF - Proceedings of Science

M1 - 1042

T2 - 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

Y2 - 12 July 2021 through 23 July 2021

ER -

Performance of the D-Egg Optical Sensor for the IceCube Upgrade

Abstract

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