TY - JOUR
T1 - On the use of lead/tin alloys as target material for the production of spallation neutrons
AU - Atchison, F.
AU - Baumann, P.
AU - Bryś, T.
AU - Daum, M.
AU - Egorov, A.
AU - Fierlinger, P.
AU - Fuchs, P.
AU - Henneck, R.
AU - Joray, St
AU - Keil, R.
AU - Kirch, K.
AU - Krutova, R.
AU - Kühne, G.
AU - Lebedev, V. T.
AU - Obermeier, H.
AU - Orlova, D. N.
AU - Perret, Ch
AU - Pichlmaier, A.
AU - Richard, Ph
AU - Serebrov, A.
AU - Thies, S.
PY - 2005/3/1
Y1 - 2005/3/1
N2 - We have examined the suitability of lead (Pb)/tin (Sn) alloys with atomic ratios between 4:1 and 12:1 for use as a spallation target material for the PSI spallation ultracold neutron source. The measured corrosion rate with distilled water, Rc<6×10-5cm/year, is more than a factor of 80, less than for normal Pb; this corrosion rate is satisfactory. Microscopic investigations of the surface after the exposure to water revealed no visual changes. Small angle neutron scattering showed that the alloy is mechanically stable under thermal cycling. An experimental simulation of a water-cooled spallation neutron target made of Pb/Sn pebbles with a filling factor of 60% was investigated; the pulsed proton beam was simulated using hot and cold water in the target 'cooling' circuit. With realistic operational parameters for the cooling circuit, serious deformation of the PbSn pebbles occurred which finally blocked the cooling circuit. The Pb/Sn alloys solve the corrosion problem but its mechanical properties are inadequate leading to too short a lifetime to be practical in the PSI spallation source.
AB - We have examined the suitability of lead (Pb)/tin (Sn) alloys with atomic ratios between 4:1 and 12:1 for use as a spallation target material for the PSI spallation ultracold neutron source. The measured corrosion rate with distilled water, Rc<6×10-5cm/year, is more than a factor of 80, less than for normal Pb; this corrosion rate is satisfactory. Microscopic investigations of the surface after the exposure to water revealed no visual changes. Small angle neutron scattering showed that the alloy is mechanically stable under thermal cycling. An experimental simulation of a water-cooled spallation neutron target made of Pb/Sn pebbles with a filling factor of 60% was investigated; the pulsed proton beam was simulated using hot and cold water in the target 'cooling' circuit. With realistic operational parameters for the cooling circuit, serious deformation of the PbSn pebbles occurred which finally blocked the cooling circuit. The Pb/Sn alloys solve the corrosion problem but its mechanical properties are inadequate leading to too short a lifetime to be practical in the PSI spallation source.
KW - Neutron sources
KW - Spallation neutron sources
KW - Spallation neutron targets
KW - Ultracold neutrons
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=13944274227&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.10.035
DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2004.10.035
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:13944274227
SN - 0168-9002
VL - 539
SP - 646
EP - 653
JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
IS - 3
ER -