Octachlorostyrene

Helmut Greim

doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00321-3

Octachlorostyrene

Helmut Greim

Former organisations of Medicine and Health

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

Abstract

Octachlorostyrene (OCS; CAS 29082-74-4) is a persistent, highly bioaccumulative, and toxic halogenated aromatic compound. It is not commercially manufactured, but is an inadvertent by-product of processes that combine carbon and chlorine under elevated temperatures. Due to its low water solubility, OCS is consistently accumulated in fish and sediment samples. Potential human exposure pathways for OCS are through ingestion (especially of contaminated fish), inhalation, and absorption through the skin. Major metabolites of OCS are pentachlorodichlorophenylacetic acid and heptachlorostyrene, while the minor ones are CO2 and 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene. OCS transactivates aryl hydrocarbon receptor and constitutive androstane receptor, and influences porphyrin metabolism. Long-term exposure adversely affects liver, kidney, and thyroid.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Fourth Edition
Subtitle of host publication	Volume 1-9
Publisher	Elsevier
Pages	V7-67-V7-71
Volume	7
ISBN (Electronic)	9780128243152
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00321-3
State	Published - 1 Jan 2023

Keywords

Aluminum foundry workers
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
By-product
Constitutive androstane receptor
Cytochrome P450
Liver hypertrophy
Occupational exposure
Octachlorostyrene
Persistent and bioaccumulative halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon
Porphyrin metabolism
Seafood
Sulfotransferase
Thyroid
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

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10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00321-3

Cite this

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title = "Octachlorostyrene",

abstract = "Octachlorostyrene (OCS; CAS 29082-74-4) is a persistent, highly bioaccumulative, and toxic halogenated aromatic compound. It is not commercially manufactured, but is an inadvertent by-product of processes that combine carbon and chlorine under elevated temperatures. Due to its low water solubility, OCS is consistently accumulated in fish and sediment samples. Potential human exposure pathways for OCS are through ingestion (especially of contaminated fish), inhalation, and absorption through the skin. Major metabolites of OCS are pentachlorodichlorophenylacetic acid and heptachlorostyrene, while the minor ones are CO2 and 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene. OCS transactivates aryl hydrocarbon receptor and constitutive androstane receptor, and influences porphyrin metabolism. Long-term exposure adversely affects liver, kidney, and thyroid.",

keywords = "Aluminum foundry workers, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, By-product, Constitutive androstane receptor, Cytochrome P450, Liver hypertrophy, Occupational exposure, Octachlorostyrene, Persistent and bioaccumulative halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, Porphyrin metabolism, Seafood, Sulfotransferase, Thyroid, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase",

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N2 - Octachlorostyrene (OCS; CAS 29082-74-4) is a persistent, highly bioaccumulative, and toxic halogenated aromatic compound. It is not commercially manufactured, but is an inadvertent by-product of processes that combine carbon and chlorine under elevated temperatures. Due to its low water solubility, OCS is consistently accumulated in fish and sediment samples. Potential human exposure pathways for OCS are through ingestion (especially of contaminated fish), inhalation, and absorption through the skin. Major metabolites of OCS are pentachlorodichlorophenylacetic acid and heptachlorostyrene, while the minor ones are CO2 and 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene. OCS transactivates aryl hydrocarbon receptor and constitutive androstane receptor, and influences porphyrin metabolism. Long-term exposure adversely affects liver, kidney, and thyroid.

AB - Octachlorostyrene (OCS; CAS 29082-74-4) is a persistent, highly bioaccumulative, and toxic halogenated aromatic compound. It is not commercially manufactured, but is an inadvertent by-product of processes that combine carbon and chlorine under elevated temperatures. Due to its low water solubility, OCS is consistently accumulated in fish and sediment samples. Potential human exposure pathways for OCS are through ingestion (especially of contaminated fish), inhalation, and absorption through the skin. Major metabolites of OCS are pentachlorodichlorophenylacetic acid and heptachlorostyrene, while the minor ones are CO2 and 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene. OCS transactivates aryl hydrocarbon receptor and constitutive androstane receptor, and influences porphyrin metabolism. Long-term exposure adversely affects liver, kidney, and thyroid.

KW - Aluminum foundry workers

KW - Aryl hydrocarbon receptor

KW - By-product

KW - Constitutive androstane receptor

KW - Cytochrome P450

KW - Liver hypertrophy

KW - Occupational exposure

KW - Octachlorostyrene

KW - Persistent and bioaccumulative halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon

KW - Porphyrin metabolism

KW - Seafood

KW - Sulfotransferase

KW - Thyroid

KW - UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

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DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00321-3

M3 - Chapter

AN - SCOPUS:85188102054

VL - 7

SP - V7-67-V7-71

BT - Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Fourth Edition

PB - Elsevier

ER -

Octachlorostyrene

Abstract

Keywords

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