Neuromental health aspects in adults with CHD after cardiopulmonary bypass intervention during childhood

Objective: It is often assumed, that adult patients with CHD (ACHD) have impairments regarding their cognitive function (CF) and health-related quality of life. In particular, it seems reasonable to assume that cyanosis may have a potential impact on CF as well as surgical or drug treatment into adulthood. This study assesses neuromental health aspects such as CF and health-related quality of life in ACHD patients. Methods: Seventy-eight ACHD patients (female n = 39 (50%); 34.1 ± 12.9 years; cyanotic CHD n = 49 (62.8%) with a cyanosis duration of 159.8 ± 196.2 month) who underwent open heart surgery as first intervention were asked to participate during routinely follow-up in 2018. Wechsler Intelligence Scale IV was used for CF and the Short Form 36 Health Survey to assess health-related quality of life. Results: Intelligence quotient measures showed significant differences comparing never cyanotic and with a cyanotic phase in verbal comprehension (p = 0.013). There was no association of CF with cyanosis duration, number of surgery or catheter, CHD severity, and time of first surgery. The group of early surgery showed significantly better results in physical function (p = 0.040) of health-related quality of life, and in comparison with their assigned reference, both groups showed significantly reduced results in all domains except in bodily pain and mental health. Full-Scale intelligence quotient correlates with physical function of health-related quality of life. Conclusions: The results show normal CF in ACHD. Health-related quality of life was weak in comparison with the reference. There is a need to improve the well-being of our ACHD with structured programmes, including physical activity programmes. This growing ACHD population should be focused in order of their needs, medical ones on one hand and on the other hand psychosocial matters.