Neocarzilin Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation via BST-2 Degradation, Resulting in Lipid Raft-Trapped EGFR

Josef Braun, Yudong Hu, Adrian T. Jauch, Thomas F. Gronauer, Julia Mergner, Nina C. Bach, Franziska R. Traube, Stefan Zahler, Stephan A. Sieber

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Neocarzilin (NCA) is a natural product exhibiting potent antimigratory as well as antiproliferative effects. While vesicle amine transport protein 1 (VAT-1) was previously shown to inhibit migration upon NCA binding, the molecular mechanisms responsible for impaired proliferation remained elusive. We here introduce a chemical probe closely resembling the structural and stereochemical features of NCA and unravel bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) as one of the targets responsible for the antiproliferative effect of NCA in cancer cells. The antiproliferative mechanism of NCA was confirmed in corresponding BST-2 knockout (KO) HeLa cells, which were less sensitive to compound treatment. Vice versa, reconstitution of BST-2 in the KO cells again reduced proliferation upon NCA addition, comparable to that of wild-type (wt) HeLa cells. Whole proteome mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of NCA-treated wt and KO cancer cells revealed regulated pathways and showed reduced levels of BST-2 upon NCA treatment. In-depth analysis of BST-2 levels in response to proteasome and lysosome inhibitors unraveled a lysosomal degradation path upon NCA treatment. As BST-2 mediates the release of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) from lipid rafts to turn on proliferation signaling pathways, reduced BST-2 levels led to attenuated phosphorylation of STAT3. Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy confirmed increased colocalization of EGFR and lipid rafts in the presence of NCA. Overall, NCA represents a versatile anticancer natural product with a unique dual mode of action and unconventional inhibition of proliferation via BST-2 degradation.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1833-1840
Number of pages8
JournalJACS Au
Volume4
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 27 May 2024

Keywords

  • antitumor agents
  • biological activity
  • mechanism of action
  • natural products
  • proteomics

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