TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular imaging in the development of cancer therapeutics
AU - Czernin, Johannes
AU - Weber, Wolfgang A.
AU - Herschman, Harvey R.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Researchers have made great progress in defining genetic and molecular alterations that contribute to cancer. New therapeutic targets have been identified and targeted therapeutic agents have been developed, but our ability to evaluate potential drugs has not kept pace. Molecular imaging technologies that monitor biological processes and/or measure levels of targeted macromolecules can contribute significantly to preclinical and clinical drug evaluation. This article describes the drug discovery process, economic problems facing drug discovery and development, and successes and failures in this realm. We briefly describe the available molecular imaging tools, with emphasis on positron emission tomography. We discuss biological processes that are altered in tumors and can be measured by molecular imaging; examples include gene expression, signal transduction, tumor cell metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, hypoxia, and angiogenesis. We conclude with a proposal to integrate molecular imaging into the drug development process.
AB - Researchers have made great progress in defining genetic and molecular alterations that contribute to cancer. New therapeutic targets have been identified and targeted therapeutic agents have been developed, but our ability to evaluate potential drugs has not kept pace. Molecular imaging technologies that monitor biological processes and/or measure levels of targeted macromolecules can contribute significantly to preclinical and clinical drug evaluation. This article describes the drug discovery process, economic problems facing drug discovery and development, and successes and failures in this realm. We briefly describe the available molecular imaging tools, with emphasis on positron emission tomography. We discuss biological processes that are altered in tumors and can be measured by molecular imaging; examples include gene expression, signal transduction, tumor cell metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, hypoxia, and angiogenesis. We conclude with a proposal to integrate molecular imaging into the drug development process.
KW - Imaging probes
KW - Positron emission tomography
KW - Targeted drugs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=32944479631&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1146/annurev.med.57.080904.190431
DO - 10.1146/annurev.med.57.080904.190431
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16409139
AN - SCOPUS:32944479631
SN - 0066-4219
VL - 57
SP - 99
EP - 118
JO - Annual Review of Medicine
JF - Annual Review of Medicine
ER -