TY - JOUR
T1 - Modification of Al Surface via Acidic Treatment and its Impact on Plating and Stripping
AU - Rahide, Fatemehsadat
AU - Palanisamy, Krishnaveni
AU - Flowers, Jackson K.
AU - Hao, Junjie
AU - Stein, Helge S.
AU - Kranz, Christine
AU - Ehrenberg, Helmut
AU - Dsoke, Sonia
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. ChemSusChem published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024/3/8
Y1 - 2024/3/8
N2 - Amorphous Al2O3 film that naturally exists on any Al substrate is a critical bottleneck for the cyclic performance of metallic Al in rechargeable Al batteries. The so-called electron/ion insulator Al oxide slows down the anode's activation and hinders Al plating/stripping. The Al2O3 film induces different surface properties (roughness and microstructure) on the metal. Al foils present two optically different sides (shiny and non-shiny), but their surface properties and influence on plating and stripping have not been studied so far. Compared to the shiny side, the non-shiny one has a higher (~28 %) surface roughness, and its greater concentration of active sites (for Al plating and stripping) yields higher current densities. Immersion pretreatments in Ionic-Liquid/AlCl3-based electrolyte with various durations modify the surface properties of each side, forming an electrode-electrolyte interphase layer rich in Al, Cl, and N. The created interphase layer provides more tunneling paths for better Al diffusion upon plating and stripping. After 500 cycles, dendritic Al deposition, generated active sites, and the continuous removal of the Al metal and oxide cause accelerated local corrosion and electrode pulverization. We highlight the mechanical surface properties of cycled Al foil, considering the role of immersion pretreatment and the differences between the two sides.
AB - Amorphous Al2O3 film that naturally exists on any Al substrate is a critical bottleneck for the cyclic performance of metallic Al in rechargeable Al batteries. The so-called electron/ion insulator Al oxide slows down the anode's activation and hinders Al plating/stripping. The Al2O3 film induces different surface properties (roughness and microstructure) on the metal. Al foils present two optically different sides (shiny and non-shiny), but their surface properties and influence on plating and stripping have not been studied so far. Compared to the shiny side, the non-shiny one has a higher (~28 %) surface roughness, and its greater concentration of active sites (for Al plating and stripping) yields higher current densities. Immersion pretreatments in Ionic-Liquid/AlCl3-based electrolyte with various durations modify the surface properties of each side, forming an electrode-electrolyte interphase layer rich in Al, Cl, and N. The created interphase layer provides more tunneling paths for better Al diffusion upon plating and stripping. After 500 cycles, dendritic Al deposition, generated active sites, and the continuous removal of the Al metal and oxide cause accelerated local corrosion and electrode pulverization. We highlight the mechanical surface properties of cycled Al foil, considering the role of immersion pretreatment and the differences between the two sides.
KW - alumina film
KW - aluminum anode
KW - aluminum batteries
KW - surface modification
KW - surface properties
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85177081342&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/cssc.202301142
DO - 10.1002/cssc.202301142
M3 - Article
C2 - 37870540
AN - SCOPUS:85177081342
SN - 1864-5631
VL - 17
JO - ChemSusChem
JF - ChemSusChem
IS - 5
M1 - e202301142
ER -