Modeling the Orientation of Take-Over Trajectories Using Mixed Linear Effects Models

Martin Fleischer, Johannes Elbauer, Klaus Bengler

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

Abstract

As automation of driving emerges, the driver becomes a passenger. If an automation reaches its system limits, the driver is obliged to retake the control over the vehicle. Grabbing the steering wheel is essential to assume lateral control, however non-driving related activities enabled by the automation may interfere with this process. This paper showcases the method modeling the orientation of hand trajectories while grabbing four different handles. In a study presented in [1] the hand trajectories of 48 participants grabbing four different handles were recorded and modelled using a mixed linear effects approach. The present paper extends this research by modeling the orientation of these trajectories. As the grasping trajectories appear to lie on a two-dimensional plane, the angle between the trajectory plane and a reference plane was modeled in a mixed linear effects model with “lme4” [2] and “afex” [3]. The maximal deviation from the plane is 10.7 mm with a mean of 2.3 mm (SD = 1.3 mm). The data shows the small influence of individual (gender, age, dominant hand, body height) and the high influence of environmental (position and type of the grasping handles) factors.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2021 - Sector Based Ergonomics
EditorsNancy L. Black, W. Patrick Neumann, Ian Noy
PublisherSpringer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages633-638
Number of pages6
ISBN (Print)9783030746070
DOIs
StatePublished - 2021
Event 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2021 - Virtual, Online
Duration: 13 Jun 202118 Jun 2021

Publication series

NameLecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Volume221 LNNS
ISSN (Print)2367-3370
ISSN (Electronic)2367-3389

Conference

Conference 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2021
CityVirtual, Online
Period13/06/2118/06/21

Keywords

  • Automated driving
  • Digital human modeling
  • Mixed linear effects models
  • Take-over

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