Medical rapid prototyping-models by 3D-ultrasound data

3D-stereolithographic skull models rank high in operation planning of osseous deformities. But models built by sonographic data do not exist. Since 1997 a new model technique was developed using 3D-ultrasound data. Aim was the automated representation of bone surfaces, soft tissue and cartilage for operation planning. For 3D-data acquisition a transducer independent 3D-ultrasound system was used. After data acquisition the different structures were segmentated separately. Using the segmented datas a stereolithographic model was built whereby the different structures could be represented colour-coded in one model. Up to now for operation planning there were used 4 skull models of childs with craniofacial deformities, 7 surfaces of the iliac crest, 9 noses and 3 ears. Prospectively, the amount of information gained by the models was compared to conventional diagnostics. In secondary grafting from the iliac crest the operative trauma could be reduced. Investigating skull sutures an objective measurement and documentation could be achieved. Operative corrections of nose and ears could be planned exactly. Our results show that 3D-models from ultrasound data can become more important. The main use might be in building individual models for tissue engineering.