TY - GEN
T1 - Linear quadratic regulator controller to improve transient frequency stability through virtual inertia
AU - Luna, Andre
AU - Tamrakar, Ujjwol
AU - Tonkoski, Reinaldo
AU - Hietpas, Steven
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 IEEE.
PY - 2020/2
Y1 - 2020/2
N2 - The increased penetration of photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy resources has raised awareness to the maintenance of the future grid's stability and reliability. One emerging issue is the susceptibility to frequency instability when facing substantial generation-load imbalances due to decrease in rotational inertia of the grid. As a possible solution for frequency instability issues, virtual inertia (VI) is implemented using energy storage systems (ESSs). It is shown that, through a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller, frequency change and the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) of a system are optimally reduced. The designed LQR controller is further tested for the system with decreased inertia and it is able to maintain frequency change for up to 90% of decreased inertia and ROCOF only for up to 10% within the standards. The ROCOF was found to be more sensitive to decreased inertia than change in frequency, which suggests the use of an adaptive controller, instead of a fixed gain LQR controller, in the presence of significant parametric changes.
AB - The increased penetration of photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy resources has raised awareness to the maintenance of the future grid's stability and reliability. One emerging issue is the susceptibility to frequency instability when facing substantial generation-load imbalances due to decrease in rotational inertia of the grid. As a possible solution for frequency instability issues, virtual inertia (VI) is implemented using energy storage systems (ESSs). It is shown that, through a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller, frequency change and the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) of a system are optimally reduced. The designed LQR controller is further tested for the system with decreased inertia and it is able to maintain frequency change for up to 90% of decreased inertia and ROCOF only for up to 10% within the standards. The ROCOF was found to be more sensitive to decreased inertia than change in frequency, which suggests the use of an adaptive controller, instead of a fixed gain LQR controller, in the presence of significant parametric changes.
KW - Energy storage systems
KW - Linear quadratic regulator
KW - Renewables
KW - Virtual inertia
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85086274509
U2 - 10.1109/ISGT45199.2020.9087755
DO - 10.1109/ISGT45199.2020.9087755
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85086274509
T3 - 2020 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2020
BT - 2020 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2020
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 2020 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2020
Y2 - 17 February 2020 through 20 February 2020
ER -
