Latency optimization in Centralized and Decentralized Coordination of Time-Varying Evolutionary Satellite Networks: The Impact of packet size

Effective minimization of latency in satellite network infrastructures is critical for ensuring efficient data transmission, communication, and resource allocation in space operations. With the growing number of satellites and increasing complexity of in-space activities, conventional centralized optimization methodologies face scaling limitations, requiring the exploration of decentralized coordination techniques. This paper presents a study on the effect of packet size on latency in decentralized coordination of evolutionary satellite network infrastructure. Building upon previous research, our investigation focuses on formulating a time-varying dynamic graph framework tailored for decentralized optimization of satellite networks. This includes the performance characterization of dynamic space networks and the comparative analysis of the time to spread the data with different federation topologies. Decentralized optimization distributes decision-making processes across multiple network nodes, enabling each node to make informed decisions based on local data, constraints, and partial knowledge of other nodes. Through exploring specific operational assumptions on network topology and communication, we present scenarios where decentralized approaches outperform traditional centralized satellite network management, offering enhanced reliability, reduced data latency, scalability, and robustness. Our paper presents findings on the influence of packet size on latency in decentralized settings. We identify the advantages that delineate the operational advantages of decentralized coordination over centralized management in satellite networks. By illustrating our approach through applying it to an object detection use case, we define the use case of decentralized coordination for dynamically allocation of resources within federations of satellites. Our research aims to establish fundamental conditions and operational criteria for designing future decentralized satellite networks, facilitating the dissemination of information among satellites in orbit and promoting sustainable utilization of limited in-space resources and autonomous space operations.