Knochengesundheit und Hochleistungssport

Physical activity at regular intervals enhances healthy bone metabolism and density: however, in some forms of sport female athletes have a higher prevalence of low bone density and increased rates of stress fractures. Often the cause is a relative energy deficit (RED) in combination with high mechanical load and intensive training. The occurrence of RED in sports (RED-S) is often underdiagnosed; therefore, a systematic multidisciplinary approach employing standardized tests, such as the relative energy deficit in sport clinical assessment tool (RED‑S CAT) has been shown to be helpful. Treatment strategies primarily aim at correcting the negative energy balance of the patient as well as psychotherapeutic interventions. Furthermore, in severe cases a pharmaceutical treatment can be necessary for support as well as a balanced hormonal situation and to correct dysfunctional bone metabolism.