Individualisiertes Brustkrebsrisiko – wie berechnen, wie bewerten und wie besprechen?

There has been a lot of controversy about the mammography screening program. Screening recommendations for breast cancer in the general population are currently based solely on the age of an individual, despite the fact that additional genetic and non-genetic factors are known to influence cancer risk. Recent breast cancer risk models include these factors. They allow the implication of a risk-adapted screening approach, “mammography screening 2.0”. On the one hand there is a need to intensify diagnostic procedures for women at higher risk but on the other hand it is desirable to avoid unnecessary diagnostic procedures in women who are unlikely to develop breast cancer. The aim is to improve the efficiency of the screening program and to help guide screening decisions by including patients’ individual risk profiles and preferences; however, the implementation of such a strategy faces new challenges, such as the particular prediction model to use, the ways to evaluate and to communicate risks in the screening context.