Hybrid approach facilitates use of a minimized CPB circuit and transfusion free surgery in an extended Norwood stage II procedure

Intraoperative stent implantation into a stenotic left pulmonary artery branch and surgical creation of a bidirectional Glenn anastomosis resulted in avoidance of aortic cross-clamping and transection of the aorta for surgical patching of the pulmonary artery. The hybrid approach thereby reduced the complexity of the surgical procedure, facilitated the use of a minimized cardiopulmonary bypass circuit, reduced the degree of hemodilution and blood trauma and resulted in transfusion-free surgery and excellent clinical outcome in an 11 kg child.