Gender differences in the prevalence, severity, and composition of coronary artery disease in the young: A study of 1635 individuals undergoing coronary CT angiography fromthe prospective, multinational confirm registry

Yuka Otaki, Heidi Gransar, Victor Y. Cheng, Damini Dey, Troy Labounty, Fay Y. Lin, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Matthew J. Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Q. Callister, Hyuk Jae Chang, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Augustin Delago, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp Kaufmann, Erica Maffei, Gilbert RaffLeslee J. Shaw, Todd C. Villines, Allison Dunning, Ricardo C. Cury, Gudrun Feuchtner, Yong Jin Kim, Jonathon Leipsic, Daniel S. Berman, James K. Min

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Prior studies examining coronary atherosclerosis in the young have been limited by retrospective analyses in small cohorts. We examined the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) and prevalence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis in a large, prospective, multinational registry of consecutive young individuals undergoing coronary computerized tomographic angiography (CCTA). Method and results: Of 27 125 patients undergoing CCTA, 1635 young (<45 years) individuals without known coronary artery disease (CAD) or coronary anomalies were identified. Coronary plaque was assessed for any CAD, obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis), and presence of calcified plaque (CP) and non-calcified plaque (NCP). Among 1635 subjects (70% men, age 38±6 years), any CAD, obstructive CAD, CP, and NCP were observed in 19, 4, 5, and 8%, respectively. Compared with women, men demonstrated higher rates of any CAD (21 vs. 12%, P < 0.001), CP (6 vs. 3%, P = 0.01), and NCP (9 vs. 5%, P = 0.008), although no difference was observed for rates of obstructive CAD (5 vs. 4%, P = 0.46). Any CAD, obstructive CAD, and NCP were higher for young individuals with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, current smoking, or family history of CAD; while only diabetes and dyslipidaemia were associated with CP. Increasing cardiovascular RFs was associated with a greater prevalence and extent and severity of CAD, with individuals with 0, 1, 2, ≥3 RFs manifesting a dose-response increase in any CAD (P < 0.001, for trend), obstructive CAD (P < 0.001, for trend), NCP (P < 0.001, for trend), and CP (P < 0.001, for trend). In multivariable analysis adjusting for sex and cardiovascular RFs, male sexwas the strongest predictor for anyCAD(odds ratio [OR] = 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43-2.66, P < 0.001), CP (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.08-1.98, P = 0.01), and NCP (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.06-1.67, P = 0.01); family history of CAD was the strongest predictor for obstructive CAD (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.65-4.45, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Any and obstructiveCADis present in 1 in 5 and 1 in 20 young individuals, respectively, with family history associated with the greatest risk of obstructive CAD.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)490-499
Number of pages10
JournalEuropean Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging
Volume16
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2015

Keywords

  • Coronary CT angiography
  • Coronary artery disease
  • Coronary risk factors
  • Young adults

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Gender differences in the prevalence, severity, and composition of coronary artery disease in the young: A study of 1635 individuals undergoing coronary CT angiography fromthe prospective, multinational confirm registry'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this