TY - JOUR
T1 - Gapless hamiltonians for the toric code using the projected entangled pair state formalism
AU - Fernández-González, Carlos
AU - Schuch, Norbert
AU - Wolf, Michael M.
AU - Cirac, J. Ignacio
AU - Pérez-García, David
PY - 2012/12/26
Y1 - 2012/12/26
N2 - We study Hamiltonians which have Kitaev's toric code as a ground state, and show how to construct a Hamiltonian which shares the ground space of the toric code, but which has gapless excitations with a continuous spectrum in the thermodynamic limit. Our construction is based on the framework of projected entangled pair states, and can be applied to a large class of two-dimensional systems to obtain gapless "uncle Hamiltonians."
AB - We study Hamiltonians which have Kitaev's toric code as a ground state, and show how to construct a Hamiltonian which shares the ground space of the toric code, but which has gapless excitations with a continuous spectrum in the thermodynamic limit. Our construction is based on the framework of projected entangled pair states, and can be applied to a large class of two-dimensional systems to obtain gapless "uncle Hamiltonians."
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84871810184&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.260401
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.260401
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84871810184
SN - 0031-9007
VL - 109
JO - Physical Review Letters
JF - Physical Review Letters
IS - 26
M1 - 260401
ER -