@inproceedings{be81dab3bd214e02a078b6ab66cc1cd3,
title = "Feasibility Analysis of a Flying Car with In-Wheel Electric Ducted Fans",
abstract = "A majority of known vehicle concepts with driving and flying capabilities are a compromise solution, resulting in drawbacks in both operating modes. An approach based on implementing ducted fans concentrically inside the wheels promises synergies thanks to high functional integration. This article presents and discusses conceptual solutions, design considerations and challenges. Electric propulsion in combination with thorough transmission design allows for high-performance lateral and longitudinal driving dynamics. The same motors can be used for flight. The rims have a double function as duct for the integrated fan, which allows for higher lift generation with a smaller fan diameter. The in-wheel electric ducted fan unit is tilted for flight mode. This enables Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL), allows for vertiport usage, and offers time-saving potential in case of traffic congestion. The presented mission reflects this use case. The feasibility of two different electric designs is assessed with a design approach involving Monte Carlo Simulations. A feasibility assessment framework based on momentum theory shows that even best-case setups imply infeasible requirements for battery technology. Thus, a turbo-electric approach is sized with an empty weight model respecting car properties and performance characteristics of modern helicopter engines. The obtained design is further analyzed with regard to noise emissions and time savings potential. A parameter study adds confidence in the feasibility statement.",
author = "Sailer, {Markus M.} and Lampl, {David E.} and Armanini, {Sophie F.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.; AIAA Aviation and Aeronautics Forum and Exposition, AIAA AVIATION Forum 2023 ; Conference date: 12-06-2023 Through 16-06-2023",
year = "2023",
doi = "10.2514/6.2023-4050",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781624107047",
series = "AIAA Aviation and Aeronautics Forum and Exposition, AIAA AVIATION Forum 2023",
publisher = "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA",
booktitle = "AIAA Aviation and Aeronautics Forum and Exposition, AIAA AVIATION Forum 2023",
}