TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of marking automated vehicles on human drivers on highways
AU - Fuest, Tanja
AU - Feierle, Alexander
AU - Schmidt, Elisabeth
AU - Bengler, Klaus
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Due to the short range of the sensor technology used in automated vehicles, we assume that the implemented driving strategies may initially differ from those of human drivers. Nevertheless, automated vehicles must be able to move safely through manual road traffic. Initially, they will behave as carefully as human learners do. In the same way that driving-school vehicles tend to be marked in Germany, markings for automated vehicles could also prove advantageous. To this end, a simulation study with 40 participants was conducted. All participants experienced three different highway scenarios, each with and without a marked automated vehicle. One scenario was based around some roadworks, the next scenario was a traffic jam, and the last scenario involved a lane change. Common to all scenarios was that the automated vehicles strictly adhered to German highway regulations, and therefore moved in road traffic somewhat differently to human drivers. After each trial, we asked participants to rate how appropriate and disturbing the automated vehicle's driving behavior was. We also measured objective data, such as the time of a lane change and the time headway. The results show no differences for the subjective and objective data regarding the marking of an automated vehicle. Reasons for this might be that the driving behavior itself is sufficiently informative for humans to recognize an automated vehicle. In addition, participants experienced the automated vehicle's driving behavior for the first time, and it is reasonable to assume that an adjustment of the humans' driving behavior would take place in the event of repeated encounters.
AB - Due to the short range of the sensor technology used in automated vehicles, we assume that the implemented driving strategies may initially differ from those of human drivers. Nevertheless, automated vehicles must be able to move safely through manual road traffic. Initially, they will behave as carefully as human learners do. In the same way that driving-school vehicles tend to be marked in Germany, markings for automated vehicles could also prove advantageous. To this end, a simulation study with 40 participants was conducted. All participants experienced three different highway scenarios, each with and without a marked automated vehicle. One scenario was based around some roadworks, the next scenario was a traffic jam, and the last scenario involved a lane change. Common to all scenarios was that the automated vehicles strictly adhered to German highway regulations, and therefore moved in road traffic somewhat differently to human drivers. After each trial, we asked participants to rate how appropriate and disturbing the automated vehicle's driving behavior was. We also measured objective data, such as the time of a lane change and the time headway. The results show no differences for the subjective and objective data regarding the marking of an automated vehicle. Reasons for this might be that the driving behavior itself is sufficiently informative for humans to recognize an automated vehicle. In addition, participants experienced the automated vehicle's driving behavior for the first time, and it is reasonable to assume that an adjustment of the humans' driving behavior would take place in the event of repeated encounters.
KW - Automated vehicles-human drivers interaction
KW - Explicit communication
KW - External human-machine interface
KW - Marking automated vehicles
KW - Mixed traffic
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086629642&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/INFO11060286
DO - 10.3390/INFO11060286
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85086629642
SN - 2078-2489
VL - 11
JO - Information (Switzerland)
JF - Information (Switzerland)
IS - 6
M1 - 286
ER -