@article{9cac62df8562461cbc1b048afdeb6c93,
title = "Effects of anticonvulsants on spontaneous epileptiform activity which develops in the absence of chemical synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices",
abstract = "Spontaneous epileptiform activity (SEA) develops in area CA1 of hippocampal slices, when the Ca2+ concentration in the perfusate is lowered to 0.2 mM, at which level evoked chemical synaptic transmission is blocked. We investigated the effects of different anticonvulsants on this autonomous activity, in order to determine whether the antiepileptic effect can be ascribed to an influence on neuronal excitability. Carbamazepine was the most effective to block SEA at concentrations of 1-15 μM. Phenobarbital and phenytoin depressed SEA at concentrations of 25 μM. Valproate was effective at concentrations of 2-5 mM. Midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine agonist and the N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonists, d-α-aminoadipic acid and 2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid were ineffective in blocking SEA suggesting that they exert their antiepileptic action by interference with synaptic mechanisms.",
keywords = "anticonvulsants, antiepileptic drugs, carbamazepine, hippocampus, low Ca concentration, midazolam, neuronal hyperactivity, phenobarbital, phenytoin, valproate",
author = "U. Heinemann and S. Franceschetti and B. Hamon and A. Konnerth and Y. Yaari",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by ETP Grants to S.F. and Y.Y. and by DFG Grants He 1128/2-3a nd He 1128/3 13 KonnerthU, ., HememannU, and Yaan, Y., Slow trans-missiono f neurala ctivitym hippocampaalr eaC A1 m the absenceo f activec hemicasl ynapsesN, ature( Lond), 307 (1984)6 9-71 14 Lee, K S, SchubertP, and HememannU, , The antlcon-vulswea ctiono f adenosineA postsynapticd,e ndritica c-tion by a possiblee ndogenouasn tlconvulsanBt,r am Re-search,m press 15 LoescherW, and Nau, H., Valprotca cid metabohtceo n-centrat~onms plasmaa nd brain, anticonvulsanatc tiwty, and effectso n GABA metabolismdu rings ubacutetr eat-mentm mice,A rch tnt Pharmacodyn2,5 7( 1982)2 0-31 16 MacDonaldR, L, Antlconvulsanatn dc onvulsandtr uga c-nonso nv ertebratnee uronems primary& ssociatecde ltc ul-ture In P A Schwartzkroman dA R Wheal( Eds),Etec. trophyslologyo f Eptlepsy,A cademicP ress, New York, 1984p, p 353-386 17 Marclam,M G . Louvel,J and HememannU, , Aspar-tate-mducecdh angems extraceUulafrre ec alciumIn 'in v~t-ro' hlppocampaslli ceso f rats, Brain Research.2 38 (1982) 272-277 18 Meldrum,B . S, Mechamsmosf actiono f ant~convulsant drugs In F CliffordR ose(Ed.), ResearchP rogressi n Ept-lepsy.P itmanL, ondon,1 983p, p 333-343 19 Olsen, R. W.. Drug interactionast the GABA receptor-lonophorec omplex,A nn Rev Pharmacol Toxicol, 22 (1982)2 45-277 20 Orkand.R K, Nlcholls,J G and Kuffler, S W., Effects of nerveim pulseos n the membranpeo tentiaolf ghalc ellsi n the centranl ervouss ystemo f amphibiaJ, Neurophystol. 29 (1966)7 88-806 21 Taylor, C. P and Dudek, F E., Synchronounse urala f-terdischargeisn rat hippocampasl lices without actwe chemicasly napsesS,c tence2, 18(19828) 10-812 22 SchneldermaJn. . H and SchwartzkromP, A, Effectso f phenytomo n normal actwlty and on penicdlin-induced burstingin the guineap igh ippocampaslli ce,N eurology3, 2 (1982)7 30-738 23 Yaarl, Y, KonnerthA, andH elnemannU,. . Spontaneous epdepnformac twltyo f CA1 hippocampanle uronsin low extracellulacr alciums olutions,E xp Brain. 51 (1983) 153-156 24 Yaan, Y, Pmcus,J H and Argov, Z, Depressioonf syn-aptlc transmissiobny dtphenylhydantoAmn,n Neurol, 1 (1977)3 34-338",
year = "1985",
month = jan,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1016/0006-8993(85)90338-5",
language = "English",
volume = "325",
pages = "349--352",
journal = "Brain Research",
issn = "0006-8993",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "1-2",
}