TY - GEN
T1 - Economic analysis of a data center virtual power plant participating in demand response
AU - Bajracharyay, Labi
AU - Awasthi, Shekhar
AU - Chalise, Santosh
AU - Hansen, Timothy M.
AU - Tonkoski, Reinaldo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 IEEE.
PY - 2016/11/10
Y1 - 2016/11/10
N2 - Data centers represent a large load for the grid, and the number of data centers are increasing at a high rate. The transmission network in the grid is becoming congested as a result of the load growth. Data centers have underutilized energy resources, such as backup generators and battery storage, which can be used for demand response (DR) to benefit both the electric power system and the data center. Therefore, in this paper, data center energy resources, including renewable energy, are aggregated and controlled using an energy management system (EMS) to operate as a virtual power plant (VPP). The data center as a VPP participates in a day-ahead DR program to relieve network congestion and improve market efficiency. A case study is conducted in which the data center is connected to bus 8 of the modified IEEE 30-bus test system to evaluate the potential economic savings by participating in the DR program, coordinated by the Independent System Operator (ISO). We show that the savings of the data center operating as a VPP and participating in the DR program far outweighs the expense due to operating its own generators.
AB - Data centers represent a large load for the grid, and the number of data centers are increasing at a high rate. The transmission network in the grid is becoming congested as a result of the load growth. Data centers have underutilized energy resources, such as backup generators and battery storage, which can be used for demand response (DR) to benefit both the electric power system and the data center. Therefore, in this paper, data center energy resources, including renewable energy, are aggregated and controlled using an energy management system (EMS) to operate as a virtual power plant (VPP). The data center as a VPP participates in a day-ahead DR program to relieve network congestion and improve market efficiency. A case study is conducted in which the data center is connected to bus 8 of the modified IEEE 30-bus test system to evaluate the potential economic savings by participating in the DR program, coordinated by the Independent System Operator (ISO). We show that the savings of the data center operating as a VPP and participating in the DR program far outweighs the expense due to operating its own generators.
KW - Data center energy management
KW - Demand response
KW - Locational marginal price
KW - Network congestion
KW - Virtual power plant
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85002388774&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741726
DO - 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741726
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85002388774
T3 - IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting
BT - 2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2016
PB - IEEE Computer Society
T2 - 2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2016
Y2 - 17 July 2016 through 21 July 2016
ER -
