Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands

Raphaël Proulx; Christian Wirth; Winfried Voigt; Alexandra Weigelt; Christiane Roscher; Sabine Attinger; Jussi Baade; Romain L. Barnard; Nina Buchmann; François Buscot; Nico Eisenhauer; Markus Fischer; Gerd Gleixner; Stefan Halle; Anke Hildebrandt; Esther Kowalski; Annely Kuu; Markus Lange; Alex Milcu; Pascal A. Niklaus; Yvonne Oelmann; Stephan Rosenkranz; Alexander Sabais; Christoph Scherber; Michael Scherer-Lorenzen; Stefan Scheu; Ernst Detlef Schulze; Jens Schumacher; Guido Schwichtenberg; Jean François Soussana; Vicky M. Temperton; Wolfgang W. Weisser; Wolfgang Wilcke; Bernhard Schmid

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013382

Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands

Raphaël Proulx, Christian Wirth, Winfried Voigt, Alexandra Weigelt, Christiane Roscher, Sabine Attinger, Jussi Baade, Romain L. Barnard, Nina Buchmann, François Buscot, Nico Eisenhauer, Markus Fischer, Gerd Gleixner, Stefan Halle, Anke Hildebrandt, Esther Kowalski, Annely Kuu, Markus Lange, Alex Milcu, Pascal A. NiklausYvonne Oelmann, Stephan Rosenkranz, Alexander Sabais, Christoph Scherber, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Stefan Scheu, Ernst Detlef Schulze, Jens Schumacher, Guido Schwichtenberg, Jean François Soussana, Vicky M. Temperton, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Wolfgang Wilcke, Bernhard Schmid

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Abstract

The diversity-stability hypothesis states that current losses of biodiversity can impair the ability of an ecosystem to dampen the effect of environmental perturbations on its functioning. Using data from a long-term and comprehensive biodiversity experiment, we quantified the temporal stability of 42 variables characterizing twelve ecological functions in managed grassland plots varying in plant species richness. We demonstrate that diversity increases stability i) across trophic levels (producer, consumer), ii) at both the system (community, ecosystem) and the component levels (population, functional group, phylogenetic clade), and iii) primarily for aboveground rather than belowground processes. Temporal synchronization across studied variables was mostly unaffected with increasing species richness. This study provides the strongest empirical support so far that diversity promotes stability across different ecological functions and levels of ecosystem organization in grasslands.

Original language	English
Article number	e13382
Journal	PLoS ONE
Volume	5
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013382
State	Published - 2010
Externally published	Yes

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Proulx, R., Wirth, C., Voigt, W., Weigelt, A., Roscher, C., Attinger, S., Baade, J., Barnard, R. L., Buchmann, N., Buscot, F., Eisenhauer, N., Fischer, M., Gleixner, G., Halle, S., Hildebrandt, A., Kowalski, E., Kuu, A., Lange, M., Milcu, A., ... Schmid, B. (2010). Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands. PLoS ONE, 5(10), Article e13382. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013382

@article{b214dc4508d044b99583f3d849ccd95c,

title = "Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands",

abstract = "The diversity-stability hypothesis states that current losses of biodiversity can impair the ability of an ecosystem to dampen the effect of environmental perturbations on its functioning. Using data from a long-term and comprehensive biodiversity experiment, we quantified the temporal stability of 42 variables characterizing twelve ecological functions in managed grassland plots varying in plant species richness. We demonstrate that diversity increases stability i) across trophic levels (producer, consumer), ii) at both the system (community, ecosystem) and the component levels (population, functional group, phylogenetic clade), and iii) primarily for aboveground rather than belowground processes. Temporal synchronization across studied variables was mostly unaffected with increasing species richness. This study provides the strongest empirical support so far that diversity promotes stability across different ecological functions and levels of ecosystem organization in grasslands.",

author = "Rapha{\"e}l Proulx and Christian Wirth and Winfried Voigt and Alexandra Weigelt and Christiane Roscher and Sabine Attinger and Jussi Baade and Barnard, {Romain L.} and Nina Buchmann and Fran{\c c}ois Buscot and Nico Eisenhauer and Markus Fischer and Gerd Gleixner and Stefan Halle and Anke Hildebrandt and Esther Kowalski and Annely Kuu and Markus Lange and Alex Milcu and Niklaus, {Pascal A.} and Yvonne Oelmann and Stephan Rosenkranz and Alexander Sabais and Christoph Scherber and Michael Scherer-Lorenzen and Stefan Scheu and Schulze, {Ernst Detlef} and Jens Schumacher and Guido Schwichtenberg and Soussana, {Jean Fran{\c c}ois} and Temperton, {Vicky M.} and Weisser, {Wolfgang W.} and Wolfgang Wilcke and Bernhard Schmid",

year = "2010",

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0013382",

language = "English",

volume = "5",

journal = "PLoS ONE",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "Public Library of Science",

number = "10",

}

Proulx, R, Wirth, C, Voigt, W, Weigelt, A, Roscher, C, Attinger, S, Baade, J, Barnard, RL, Buchmann, N, Buscot, F, Eisenhauer, N, Fischer, M, Gleixner, G, Halle, S, Hildebrandt, A, Kowalski, E, Kuu, A, Lange, M, Milcu, A, Niklaus, PA, Oelmann, Y, Rosenkranz, S, Sabais, A, Scherber, C, Scherer-Lorenzen, M, Scheu, S, Schulze, ED, Schumacher, J, Schwichtenberg, G, Soussana, JF, Temperton, VM, Weisser, WW, Wilcke, W & Schmid, B 2010, 'Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands', PLoS ONE, vol. 5, no. 10, e13382. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013382

TY - JOUR

T1 - Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands

AU - Proulx, Raphaël

AU - Wirth, Christian

AU - Voigt, Winfried

AU - Weigelt, Alexandra

AU - Roscher, Christiane

AU - Attinger, Sabine

AU - Baade, Jussi

AU - Barnard, Romain L.

AU - Buchmann, Nina

AU - Buscot, François

AU - Eisenhauer, Nico

AU - Fischer, Markus

AU - Gleixner, Gerd

AU - Halle, Stefan

AU - Hildebrandt, Anke

AU - Kowalski, Esther

AU - Kuu, Annely

AU - Lange, Markus

AU - Milcu, Alex

AU - Niklaus, Pascal A.

AU - Oelmann, Yvonne

AU - Rosenkranz, Stephan

AU - Sabais, Alexander

AU - Scherber, Christoph

AU - Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael

AU - Scheu, Stefan

AU - Schulze, Ernst Detlef

AU - Schumacher, Jens

AU - Schwichtenberg, Guido

AU - Soussana, Jean François

AU - Temperton, Vicky M.

AU - Weisser, Wolfgang W.

AU - Wilcke, Wolfgang

AU - Schmid, Bernhard

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - The diversity-stability hypothesis states that current losses of biodiversity can impair the ability of an ecosystem to dampen the effect of environmental perturbations on its functioning. Using data from a long-term and comprehensive biodiversity experiment, we quantified the temporal stability of 42 variables characterizing twelve ecological functions in managed grassland plots varying in plant species richness. We demonstrate that diversity increases stability i) across trophic levels (producer, consumer), ii) at both the system (community, ecosystem) and the component levels (population, functional group, phylogenetic clade), and iii) primarily for aboveground rather than belowground processes. Temporal synchronization across studied variables was mostly unaffected with increasing species richness. This study provides the strongest empirical support so far that diversity promotes stability across different ecological functions and levels of ecosystem organization in grasslands.

AB - The diversity-stability hypothesis states that current losses of biodiversity can impair the ability of an ecosystem to dampen the effect of environmental perturbations on its functioning. Using data from a long-term and comprehensive biodiversity experiment, we quantified the temporal stability of 42 variables characterizing twelve ecological functions in managed grassland plots varying in plant species richness. We demonstrate that diversity increases stability i) across trophic levels (producer, consumer), ii) at both the system (community, ecosystem) and the component levels (population, functional group, phylogenetic clade), and iii) primarily for aboveground rather than belowground processes. Temporal synchronization across studied variables was mostly unaffected with increasing species richness. This study provides the strongest empirical support so far that diversity promotes stability across different ecological functions and levels of ecosystem organization in grasslands.

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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0013382

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0013382

M3 - Article

C2 - 20967213

AN - SCOPUS:78149459500

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 5

JO - PLoS ONE

JF - PLoS ONE

IS - 10

M1 - e13382

ER -

Diversity promotes temporal stability across levels of ecosystem organization in experimental grasslands

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