TY - JOUR
T1 - Determination of morphine and norlaudanosoline in murine brain regions by dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction and liquid chromatograpy-electrochemical detection
AU - Nagler, Joachim
AU - Schriever, Sonja C.
AU - Romanov, Artem
AU - Vogt-Weisenhorn, Daniela
AU - Wurst, Wolfgang
AU - Pfluger, Paul T.
AU - Schramm, Karl Werner
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - Morphine can be synthesized endogenously by mammals from dopamine via the intermediate norlaudanosoline. Previously, both compounds have been detected separately in whole brains of mice and brain regions of rats, and in urine of humans. Here, we report a novel method for the analysis of both compounds in single murine brain regions. Initially, a variant of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was established by using methanol as an extractant, cyclohexane as solvent, and tributylphosphate as disperser. The extraction method was applied to murine brain regions homogenized with perchloric acid while the subsequent detection was carried out by HPLC with electrochemical detection. In the thalamus of C57Bl/6J mice (n = 3, male, age 4–8 months), morphine and norlaudanosoline could be detected at levels of 19 ± 3.9 and 7.2 ± 2.3 pg/mg, respectively. Overall, we provide a novel method for the simultaneous extraction and detection of both morphine and norlaudanosoline in single murine brain regions.
AB - Morphine can be synthesized endogenously by mammals from dopamine via the intermediate norlaudanosoline. Previously, both compounds have been detected separately in whole brains of mice and brain regions of rats, and in urine of humans. Here, we report a novel method for the analysis of both compounds in single murine brain regions. Initially, a variant of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was established by using methanol as an extractant, cyclohexane as solvent, and tributylphosphate as disperser. The extraction method was applied to murine brain regions homogenized with perchloric acid while the subsequent detection was carried out by HPLC with electrochemical detection. In the thalamus of C57Bl/6J mice (n = 3, male, age 4–8 months), morphine and norlaudanosoline could be detected at levels of 19 ± 3.9 and 7.2 ± 2.3 pg/mg, respectively. Overall, we provide a novel method for the simultaneous extraction and detection of both morphine and norlaudanosoline in single murine brain regions.
KW - Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
KW - Electrochemical detection
KW - Liquid chromatography
KW - Morphine
KW - Murine brain regions
KW - Norlaudanosoline
KW - Parkinson's disease
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115319460&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105174
DO - 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105174
M3 - Article
C2 - 34474098
AN - SCOPUS:85115319460
SN - 0197-0186
VL - 150
JO - Neurochemistry International
JF - Neurochemistry International
M1 - 105174
ER -