Decreased monocyte: Interleukin-1β production in atopic eczema

It has been suggested that in atopic eczema (AE) a reduced lymphocyte response to T-cell mitogensin vitro is secondary to altered production of cytokines or inflammatory mediators. We investigated, in parallel, the mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation, monocyte interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production of monocytes and of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in AE patients and non-atopic controls. After stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A) PBMC of AE patients showed a significantly reduced proliferative response compared with the controls. The monocyte production of IL-1β after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. (LPS) was significantly decreased in AE. No differences between AE patients and controls were observed with regard to the PGE2 production of PBMC after stimulation with Con A or the monocyte release of PGE2 after LPS stimulation. Because IL-1 plays a central role in the activation of T-cell proliferation, the decreased monocyte IL-1β production may provide a plausible explanation for the reduced mitogen response of T cells in AE.