TY - JOUR
T1 - Decoding the influence of the immune system and immunotherapy targets on carcinomas
T2 - A hidden prism in oral cancer therapy
AU - Dhara, Vasantha
AU - Shetty, Sameep S.
AU - de Arruda, José Alcides Almeida
AU - Silva, Tarcília Aparecida
AU - Russo, Remo Castro
AU - Shetty, Neetha J.
AU - Pidaparthi, Manasa
AU - Wollenberg, Barbara
AU - Rao, Vishal U.S.
AU - Gopinath, Thilak P.S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - In recent decades, understanding tumorigenesis and the complex interaction between the host and the immune system has been the pillar for significant advances in anticancer therapy. Conventional anticancer therapy (e.g., cut, burn, and cytotoxic drugs) involves multiple targeting of tumor cells. However, the tumor tissue microenvironment can present a dysregulated, stimulating, or subverted immune response which, in turn, reveals pro-tumor activities favoring tumor expansion and progression. Recently, new potential targets have been identified based on immunomodulatory therapies, which are crafted to re-establish the host anti-tumoral immune response. Clinicians should fully understand the intricate interactions between carcinogens, the tumor milieu, the immune system, and traditional anticancer therapies in order to progress and to overcome the refractory/recurrent challenges and morbidity of the disease. Thus, in this article, we highlight the complex milieu of the oral cancer immune response, pointing out potential therapeutic immunotargets for oral squamous cell carcinomas. The impact of traditional anticancer therapy on the immune system is also outlined.
AB - In recent decades, understanding tumorigenesis and the complex interaction between the host and the immune system has been the pillar for significant advances in anticancer therapy. Conventional anticancer therapy (e.g., cut, burn, and cytotoxic drugs) involves multiple targeting of tumor cells. However, the tumor tissue microenvironment can present a dysregulated, stimulating, or subverted immune response which, in turn, reveals pro-tumor activities favoring tumor expansion and progression. Recently, new potential targets have been identified based on immunomodulatory therapies, which are crafted to re-establish the host anti-tumoral immune response. Clinicians should fully understand the intricate interactions between carcinogens, the tumor milieu, the immune system, and traditional anticancer therapies in order to progress and to overcome the refractory/recurrent challenges and morbidity of the disease. Thus, in this article, we highlight the complex milieu of the oral cancer immune response, pointing out potential therapeutic immunotargets for oral squamous cell carcinomas. The impact of traditional anticancer therapy on the immune system is also outlined.
KW - Immune system
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - Inflammation
KW - Oral oncology
KW - Oral squamous cell carcinoma
KW - Tumor microenvironment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126516554&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101353
DO - 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101353
M3 - Article
C2 - 35311656
AN - SCOPUS:85126516554
SN - 0011-5029
VL - 69
JO - Disease-a-Month
JF - Disease-a-Month
IS - 1
M1 - 101353
ER -