CXCR4 PET/MRI for follow-up of gastric mucosa–associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma after first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication

Marius E. Mayerhoefer, Markus Raderer, Wolfgang Lamm, Michael Weber, Barbara Kiesewetter, Johannes Rohrbeck, Ingrid Simonitsch-Klupp, Marcus Hacker, Asha Leisser, Lukas Nics, Stefan Schmitl, Hans Juergen Wester, Alexander Haug

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

Posttreatment evaluation of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma currently relies on esophagogastroduodenoscopy with histological assessment of biopsies. Overexpression of the G protein–coupled C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) has been previously observed in MALT lymphoma. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate positron emission tomography (PET) with the novel CXCR4 tracer [68Ga]Pentixafor as a potential alternative to follow up biopsies for assessment of residual disease (noncomplete remission [CR]) after first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication. Forty-six post–H pylori eradication [68Ga]Pentixafor–PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of 26 gastric MALT lymphoma patients, and 20 [68Ga]Pentixafor–PET/MRI examinations of 20 control group patients without lymphoma, were analyzed. In the MALT lymphoma group, time-matched gastric biopsies were used as reference standard and showed CR in 6 cases. Pooled examination-based accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of [68Ga]Pentixafor–PET for detection of residual gastric MALT lymphoma at follow-up were 97.0%, 95.0%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 92.9%, respectively. Maximum and mean PET standardized uptake values showed moderate correlation with immunohistochemistry-based CXCR4+ cell counts, with correlation coefficients of r = 0.51 and r = 0.52 (P =.008 and P =.006). In summary, CXCR4 imaging with [68Ga]Pentixafor–PET may represent a promising test for assessment of residual gastric MALT lymphomas after H pylori eradication.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)240-244
Number of pages5
JournalBlood
Volume139
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 13 Jan 2022

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