Creating urban and workplace environments for recovery and well-being: A concluding summary

The intertwined concepts of human recovery and urban resilience are essential for fostering healthy urban living amidst rapid technological, societal, and climatic changes. Urban resilience involves not just recovery from shocks but adapting and transforming in the face of adversity, linking closely with personal and community recovery processes. Effective urban environments should support recovery through social ties, inclusive communities, and well-designed physical spaces. A biodiverse urban nature, including parks and green spaces, promotes mental health and resilience by reducing stress and improving well-being. Integrating biodiversity into urban planning enhances ecosystem services and biosociopsychological resilience. Work environments also need redesigning to prioritise well-being, with structured work hours, breaks, and natural elements. Commuting should be reimagined to promote mental detachment and recovery. Future urban planning must prioritise human recovery and resilience, integrating green spaces, workplace redesign, safety, inclusivity, biodiversity, and climate resilience. Collaborative, evidence-based strategies are essential, along with innovative research, to optimise urban environments for health and well-being. Special emphasis should be placed on rapidly expanding cities in the Global South, addressing their unique urbanisation challenges.