Consensus definitions and application guidelines for control groups in cerebrospinal fluid biomarker studies in multiple sclerosis

Charlotte Teunissen, Til Menge, Ayse Altintas, José C. Álvarez-Cermeño, Antonio Bertolotto, Frode S. Berven, Lou Brundin, Manuel Comabella, Matilde Degn, Florian Deisenhammer, Franz Fazekas, Diego Franciotta, Jette L. Frederiksen, Daniela Galimberti, Sharmilee Gnanapavan, Harald Hegen, Bernhard Hemmer, Rogier Hintzen, Steve Hughes, Ellen IacobaeusAnn C. Kroksveen, Jens Kuhle, John Richert, Hayrettin Tumani, Luisa M. Villar, Jelena Drulovic, Irena Dujmovic, Michael Khalil, Ales Bartos

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

140 Scopus citations

Abstract

The choice of appropriate control group(s) is critical in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker research in multiple sclerosis (MS). There is a lack of definitions and nomenclature of different control groups and a rationalized application of different control groups. We here propose consensus definitions and nomenclature for the following groups: healthy controls (HCs), spinal anesthesia subjects (SASs), inflammatory neurological disease controls (INDCs), peripheral inflammatory neurological disease controls (PINDCs), non-inflammatory neurological controls (NINDCs), symptomatic controls (SCs). Furthermore, we discuss the application of these control groups in specific study designs, such as for diagnostic biomarker studies, prognostic biomarker studies and therapeutic response studies. Application of these uniform definitions will lead to better comparability of biomarker studies and optimal use of available resources. This will lead to improved quality of CSF biomarker research in MS and related disorders.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1802-1809
Number of pages8
JournalMultiple Sclerosis Journal
Volume19
Issue number13
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2013
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Biomarkers
  • cerebrospinal fluid
  • control groups
  • study design

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