Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions

R. Matyssek; G. Wieser; A. J. Nunn; A. R. Kozovits; I. M. Reiter; C. Heerdt; J. B. Winkler; M. Baumgarten; K. H. Häberle; T. E.E. Grams; H. Werner; P. Fabian; W. M. Havranek

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078

Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions

R. Matyssek, G. Wieser, A. J. Nunn, A. R. Kozovits, I. M. Reiter, C. Heerdt, J. B. Winkler, M. Baumgarten, K. H. Häberle, T. E.E. Grams, H. Werner, P. Fabian, W. M. Havranek

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Abstract

The current AOT40 concept for inferring risks in forest trees by ozone (O₃) injury is based on an accumulated external O₃ exposure rather than an internal O₃ dose or uptake rate. AOT40 assumes O₃ concentrations below 40nll^-1 and night-time exposure to be negligible. Hence, this concept is rather inconsistent with observed forest conditions. In contrast, the flux concept of cumulative O ₃ uptake (CU) into the leaves has the potential of reflecting a physiologically meaningful internal O₃ dose experienced by trees. In this paper, we relate AOT40 to cumulative O₃ uptake into European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), European larch (Larix decidua) and cembran pine (Pinus cembra) trees differing in size, age and site conditions. We demonstrate that the flux concept can be extended to the tree and the stand level, making use of sap flow measurements through tree trunks. Although in both seedlings and adult trees AOT40 may show some linearity in correlations with average CU, the latter varies, at given AOT40, by 25±11% within and between species. This is because O₃ flux is primarily influenced by stomatal aperture, the latter being affected by climate, canopy position, leaf and tree age while varying between species. In particular, if weighed by detoxification capacity, we suggest, therefore, O ₃ uptake related air quality indices to be promoted towards ecologically meaningful standards in forest protection, overcoming the shortcomings of exposure concepts. As O₃ injury results from the balance between O₃ uptake and detoxification in the leaf mesophyll, we conclude the flux concept in combination with measures of biochemical defence to have the capacity for predicting tree response to O₃ stress.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2271-2281
Number of pages	11
Journal	Atmospheric Environment
Volume	38
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078
State	Published - May 2004

Keywords

AOT40,O flux
Fagus sylvatica
Larix deciduas
O uptake
Ozone
Picea abies
Pinus cembra
Sap flow
Stomatal conductance

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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078

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Matyssek, R., Wieser, G., Nunn, A. J., Kozovits, A. R., Reiter, I. M., Heerdt, C., Winkler, J. B., Baumgarten, M., Häberle, K. H., Grams, T. E. E., Werner, H., Fabian, P., & Havranek, W. M. (2004). Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions. Atmospheric Environment, 38(15), 2271-2281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078

@article{e9c6a23e76814d3eb81de3a1b11ab197,

title = "Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions",

abstract = "The current AOT40 concept for inferring risks in forest trees by ozone (O3) injury is based on an accumulated external O3 exposure rather than an internal O3 dose or uptake rate. AOT40 assumes O3 concentrations below 40nll-1 and night-time exposure to be negligible. Hence, this concept is rather inconsistent with observed forest conditions. In contrast, the flux concept of cumulative O 3 uptake (CU) into the leaves has the potential of reflecting a physiologically meaningful internal O3 dose experienced by trees. In this paper, we relate AOT40 to cumulative O3 uptake into European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), European larch (Larix decidua) and cembran pine (Pinus cembra) trees differing in size, age and site conditions. We demonstrate that the flux concept can be extended to the tree and the stand level, making use of sap flow measurements through tree trunks. Although in both seedlings and adult trees AOT40 may show some linearity in correlations with average CU, the latter varies, at given AOT40, by 25±11% within and between species. This is because O3 flux is primarily influenced by stomatal aperture, the latter being affected by climate, canopy position, leaf and tree age while varying between species. In particular, if weighed by detoxification capacity, we suggest, therefore, O 3 uptake related air quality indices to be promoted towards ecologically meaningful standards in forest protection, overcoming the shortcomings of exposure concepts. As O3 injury results from the balance between O3 uptake and detoxification in the leaf mesophyll, we conclude the flux concept in combination with measures of biochemical defence to have the capacity for predicting tree response to O3 stress.",

keywords = "AOT40,O flux, Fagus sylvatica, Larix deciduas, O uptake, Ozone, Picea abies, Pinus cembra, Sap flow, Stomatal conductance",

author = "R. Matyssek and G. Wieser and Nunn, {A. J.} and Kozovits, {A. R.} and Reiter, {I. M.} and C. Heerdt and Winkler, {J. B.} and M. Baumgarten and H{\"a}berle, {K. H.} and Grams, {T. E.E.} and H. Werner and P. Fabian and Havranek, {W. M.}",

note = "Funding Information: Investigations at Kranzberg Forest and in the GSF-Phytotrons were supported by the “ Bayerisches Staatsministerium f{\"u}r Landesentwicklung und Umweltfragen ” (Munich/Germany), the “ Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ” (Bonn/Germany) through SFB 607 “ Growth and Parasite Defence—Competition for Resources in Economic Plants from Agronomy and Forestry ” and the EU project CASIROZ “ The Carbon Sink Strength of Beech in a Changing Environment: Experimental Risk Assessment of Mitigation by Chronic Ozone Inpact ” (EVK2-2002-00165). The support by Drs. H.-D. Payer and H. Seidlitz in the operation of the GSF-phytotrons is highly appreciated. We gratefully acknowledge the skilful technical assistance by Ing. T. Feuerbach, I. S{\"u}{\ss}, J. Lebherz, P. Kuba, N. Hoffmann, and A. Kn{\"o}tig. ",

year = "2004",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078",

language = "English",

volume = "38",

pages = "2271--2281",

journal = "Atmospheric Environment",

issn = "1352-2310",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",

number = "15",

}

Matyssek, R, Wieser, G, Nunn, AJ, Kozovits, AR, Reiter, IM, Heerdt, C, Winkler, JB, Baumgarten, M, Häberle, KH, Grams, TEE, Werner, H, Fabian, P & Havranek, WM 2004, 'Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions', Atmospheric Environment, vol. 38, no. 15, pp. 2271-2281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078

TY - JOUR

T1 - Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions

AU - Matyssek, R.

AU - Wieser, G.

AU - Nunn, A. J.

AU - Kozovits, A. R.

AU - Reiter, I. M.

AU - Heerdt, C.

AU - Winkler, J. B.

AU - Baumgarten, M.

AU - Häberle, K. H.

AU - Grams, T. E.E.

AU - Werner, H.

AU - Fabian, P.

AU - Havranek, W. M.

N1 - Funding Information: Investigations at Kranzberg Forest and in the GSF-Phytotrons were supported by the “ Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Landesentwicklung und Umweltfragen ” (Munich/Germany), the “ Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ” (Bonn/Germany) through SFB 607 “ Growth and Parasite Defence—Competition for Resources in Economic Plants from Agronomy and Forestry ” and the EU project CASIROZ “ The Carbon Sink Strength of Beech in a Changing Environment: Experimental Risk Assessment of Mitigation by Chronic Ozone Inpact ” (EVK2-2002-00165). The support by Drs. H.-D. Payer and H. Seidlitz in the operation of the GSF-phytotrons is highly appreciated. We gratefully acknowledge the skilful technical assistance by Ing. T. Feuerbach, I. Süß, J. Lebherz, P. Kuba, N. Hoffmann, and A. Knötig.

PY - 2004/5

Y1 - 2004/5

N2 - The current AOT40 concept for inferring risks in forest trees by ozone (O3) injury is based on an accumulated external O3 exposure rather than an internal O3 dose or uptake rate. AOT40 assumes O3 concentrations below 40nll-1 and night-time exposure to be negligible. Hence, this concept is rather inconsistent with observed forest conditions. In contrast, the flux concept of cumulative O 3 uptake (CU) into the leaves has the potential of reflecting a physiologically meaningful internal O3 dose experienced by trees. In this paper, we relate AOT40 to cumulative O3 uptake into European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), European larch (Larix decidua) and cembran pine (Pinus cembra) trees differing in size, age and site conditions. We demonstrate that the flux concept can be extended to the tree and the stand level, making use of sap flow measurements through tree trunks. Although in both seedlings and adult trees AOT40 may show some linearity in correlations with average CU, the latter varies, at given AOT40, by 25±11% within and between species. This is because O3 flux is primarily influenced by stomatal aperture, the latter being affected by climate, canopy position, leaf and tree age while varying between species. In particular, if weighed by detoxification capacity, we suggest, therefore, O 3 uptake related air quality indices to be promoted towards ecologically meaningful standards in forest protection, overcoming the shortcomings of exposure concepts. As O3 injury results from the balance between O3 uptake and detoxification in the leaf mesophyll, we conclude the flux concept in combination with measures of biochemical defence to have the capacity for predicting tree response to O3 stress.

AB - The current AOT40 concept for inferring risks in forest trees by ozone (O3) injury is based on an accumulated external O3 exposure rather than an internal O3 dose or uptake rate. AOT40 assumes O3 concentrations below 40nll-1 and night-time exposure to be negligible. Hence, this concept is rather inconsistent with observed forest conditions. In contrast, the flux concept of cumulative O 3 uptake (CU) into the leaves has the potential of reflecting a physiologically meaningful internal O3 dose experienced by trees. In this paper, we relate AOT40 to cumulative O3 uptake into European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), European larch (Larix decidua) and cembran pine (Pinus cembra) trees differing in size, age and site conditions. We demonstrate that the flux concept can be extended to the tree and the stand level, making use of sap flow measurements through tree trunks. Although in both seedlings and adult trees AOT40 may show some linearity in correlations with average CU, the latter varies, at given AOT40, by 25±11% within and between species. This is because O3 flux is primarily influenced by stomatal aperture, the latter being affected by climate, canopy position, leaf and tree age while varying between species. In particular, if weighed by detoxification capacity, we suggest, therefore, O 3 uptake related air quality indices to be promoted towards ecologically meaningful standards in forest protection, overcoming the shortcomings of exposure concepts. As O3 injury results from the balance between O3 uptake and detoxification in the leaf mesophyll, we conclude the flux concept in combination with measures of biochemical defence to have the capacity for predicting tree response to O3 stress.

KW - AOT40,O flux

KW - Fagus sylvatica

KW - Larix deciduas

KW - O uptake

KW - Ozone

KW - Picea abies

KW - Pinus cembra

KW - Sap flow

KW - Stomatal conductance

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=11144357931&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078

DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.078

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:11144357931

SN - 1352-2310

VL - 38

SP - 2271

EP - 2281

JO - Atmospheric Environment

JF - Atmospheric Environment

IS - 15

ER -

Comparison between AOT40 and ozone uptake in forest trees of different species, age and site conditions

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Keywords

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