Comparison and combination of experience-based parametrization with Vertex Morphing in aerodynamic shape optimization of a forward-swept wing aircraft

The paper presents an investigation on two different parametrization strategies for the aerodynamic shape optimization of a forward-swept wing aircraft. In particular we compare and combine for a common optimization problem an experience-based parametrization and the Vertex-Morphing method. In the latter we directly utilize the surface nodes to control the shape. Problem of interest is a lift-constrained optimization of the far-field drag. Based on analyses regarding computational costs, design space exploration and quality of the optimal solution, we present Vertex Morphing as an alternative approach to identify significant design improvements within preliminary design, especially also with respect to the wing inboard and the attachment area on fuselage. Furthermore we demonstrate that both approaches may be combined, such that an effective optimization of free-form surfaces is possible without abandoning direct control on specific parameters. As result we present different optimized aircraft designs with overall around 5-10% less far-field drag compared to the baseline.