TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of alkanes and α-olefins from the thermo-chemical conversion of animal fat
AU - Weber, Bernd
AU - Stadlbauer, Ernst A.
AU - Eichenauer, Sabrina
AU - Frank, Andreas
AU - Steffens, Diedrich
AU - Schlich, Elmar
AU - Schilling, Gerhard
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.
PY - 2014/10/1
Y1 - 2014/10/1
N2 - Lipids are important raw materials for chemical industry, food industry and cosmetics. In the context of replacing fossil resources, lipids are gaining considerable attention as sustainable feedstock for fuels and value-added chemicals. This study focuses on the composition of products obtained from the thermo-chemical conversion of animal fat in a moving bed of sodium carbonate at 430 °C in the presence of water. Their chemical nature is determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR), chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The primary components of the bio-crude are a homologous series of straight chain alkanes and alkenes composed mostly of terminal double bonds. Fractionated distillation of the bio-crude yields a hydrocarbon-based biodiesel. Its characteristics comply with nearly all parameters of European diesel fuel standards. Thus, it can be used in internal combustion engines. The gasoline fraction exhibits a quality comparable to that of straight run fractions from fossil fuel processing. Moreover, with 18 mg/g methyl heptadecyl ketone is the primary polar component of bio-crude.
AB - Lipids are important raw materials for chemical industry, food industry and cosmetics. In the context of replacing fossil resources, lipids are gaining considerable attention as sustainable feedstock for fuels and value-added chemicals. This study focuses on the composition of products obtained from the thermo-chemical conversion of animal fat in a moving bed of sodium carbonate at 430 °C in the presence of water. Their chemical nature is determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR), chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The primary components of the bio-crude are a homologous series of straight chain alkanes and alkenes composed mostly of terminal double bonds. Fractionated distillation of the bio-crude yields a hydrocarbon-based biodiesel. Its characteristics comply with nearly all parameters of European diesel fuel standards. Thus, it can be used in internal combustion engines. The gasoline fraction exhibits a quality comparable to that of straight run fractions from fossil fuel processing. Moreover, with 18 mg/g methyl heptadecyl ketone is the primary polar component of bio-crude.
KW - Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
KW - Lipids.
KW - Sodium Carbonate
KW - Thermal Degradation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84919386481&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1166/jbmb.2014.1464
DO - 10.1166/jbmb.2014.1464
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84919386481
SN - 1556-6560
VL - 8
SP - 526
EP - 537
JO - Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy
JF - Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy
IS - 5
ER -
