Case Series: Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination

Mihai Ancau, Friederike Liesche-Starnecker, Johanna Niederschweiberer, Sandro M. Krieg, Claus Zimmer, Charlotte Lingg, Daniela Kumpfmüller, Benno Ikenberg, Markus Ploner, Bernhard Hemmer, Silke Wunderlich, Mark Mühlau, Benjamin Knier

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present three cases fulfilling diagnostic criteria of hemorrhagic variants of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis, AHEM) occurring within 9 days after the first shot of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. AHEM was diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and brain biopsy in one case. The close temporal association with the vaccination, the immune-related nature of the disease as well as the lack of other canonical precipitating factors suggested that AHEM was a vaccine-related adverse effect. We believe that AHEM might reflect a novel COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse event for which physicians should be vigilant and sensitized.

Original languageEnglish
Article number820049
JournalFrontiers in Neurology
Volume12
DOIs
StatePublished - 2 Feb 2022

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
  • Weston-Hurst syndrome
  • acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
  • acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis
  • acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
  • vaccination

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