@inproceedings{edd145024af8408d8d9740f5ada40596,
title = "Calcium decomposition and phantomless bone mineral density measurements using dual-layer-based spectral computed tomography",
abstract = "Dual-layer spectral computed tomography (CT) provides a novel clinically available concept for material decomposition (calcium hydroxyapatite, HA) and thus to estimate the bone mineral density (BMD) based on non-dedicated clinical examinations. In this study, we assessed whether HA specific BMD measurements with dual-layer spectral CT are accurate in phantoms and vertebral specimens. Dual-layer spectral CT was performed at different tube current settings (500, 250, 125 and 50 mAs) with a tube voltage of 120 kVp. Ex-vivo human vertebrae (n = 13) and a phantom containing different known HA concentrations were placed in a semi-anthropomorphic abdomen phantom. BMD was derived with an in-house developed algorithm from spectral-based virtual monoenergetic images at 50 keV and 200 keV. Values were compared to the HA concentrations of the phantoms and conventional quantitative CT (QCT) measurements using a reference phantom, respectively. Above 125 mAs, which is the radiation exposure level of clinical examinations, errors for phantom measurements based on spectral information were less than 5%, compared to known concentrations. In vertebral specimens, high correlations were found between BMD values assessed with spectral CT and conventional QCT (correlation coefficients > 0.96; p < 0.001 for all). These results suggest a high accuracy of quantitate HA-specific BMD measurements based on dual-layer spectral CT examinations without the need for a reference phantom, thus demonstrating their feasibility in clinical routine.",
keywords = "bone mineral density, computed tomography, material decomposition, osteoporosis, spectral CT",
author = "Kai Mei and Schwaiger, {Benedikt J.} and Kopp, {Felix K.} and Sebastian Ehn and Gersing, {Alexandra S.} and Kirschke, {Jan S.} and Daniela Munzel and Fingerle, {Alexander A.} and Rummeny, {Ernst J.} and Franz Pfeiffer and Thomas Baum and No{\"e}l, {Peter B.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 SPIE.; Medical Imaging 2018: Physics of Medical Imaging ; Conference date: 12-02-2018 Through 15-02-2018",
year = "2018",
doi = "10.1117/12.2292978",
language = "English",
series = "Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE",
publisher = "SPIE",
editor = "Schmidt, {Taly Gilat} and Guang-Hong Chen and Lo, {Joseph Y.}",
booktitle = "Medical Imaging 2018",
}