Anatomy and phenomenology of FCNC and CPV effects in SUSY theories

We perform an extensive study of FCNC and CP Violation within Supersymmetric (SUSY) theories with particular emphasis put on processes governed by b → s transitions and of their correlations with processes governed by b → d transitions, s → d transitions, D⁰ - over(D, ̄)⁰ oscillations, lepton flavour violating decays, electric dipole moments and (g - 2)_μ. We first perform a comprehensive model-independent analysis of Δ F = 2 observables and we emphasize the usefulness of the R_b - γ plane in exhibiting transparently various tensions in the present UT analyses. Secondly, we consider a number of SUSY models: the general MSSM, a flavour-blind MSSM, the MSSM with Minimal Flavour Violation as well as SUSY flavour models based on Abelian and non-Abelian flavour symmetries that show representative flavour structures in the soft SUSY breaking terms. We show how the characteristic patterns of correlations among the considered flavour observables allow to distinguish between these different SUSY scenarios. Of particular importance are the correlations between the CP asymmetry S_{ψ φ{symbol}} and B_s → μ⁺ μ^-, between the anomalies in S_{φ{symbol} KS} and S_{ψ φ{symbol}}, between S_{φ{symbol} KS} and d_e, between S_{ψ φ{symbol}} and (g - 2)_μ and also those involving lepton flavour violating decays. In our analysis, the presence of right-handed currents and of the double Higgs penguin contributions to B_s mixing plays a very important role. We propose a "DNA-Flavour Test" of NP models including Supersymmetry, the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity and the Randall-Sundrum model with custodial protection, with the aim of showing a tool to distinguish between these NP scenarios, once additional data on flavour-changing processes become available. As a byproduct, we present the SM prediction for BR (B⁺ → τ⁺ ν) = (0.80 ± 0.12) × 10^{- 4} that follows solely from an analytical formula for this branching ratio in terms of Δ M_{s, d} and S_{ψ KS} asymmetry and which does not involve V_{u b} and F_B uncertainties.