Acromioclavicular Joint Instability: Diagnosis and Classification

Alexander Themessl, Andreas Voss, Andreas B. Imhoff

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

Abstract

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint disruptions are frequent reasons for posttraumatic shoulder dysfunction, particularly among young and active patients. The AC joint, along with its dynamic and static stabilizers (coracoclavicular ligaments, acromioclavicular capsule, and ligaments), is a major contributor to physiological kinematics of the shoulder, permitting controlled rotation of the clavicle against the acromion during movement of the arm. Therefore, diagnosis and consecutive treatment of injuries affecting structural integrity, and thereof joint function, are essential. Besides the patient’s history, clinical assessment of vertical or horizontal instabilities and pain about the anterior or posterior aspect of the AC joint may suggest acute or chronic injury. Bilateral nonweightbearing panoramic and Alexander views remain a key radiographic imaging modality both for the diagnosis and for classification of the injury. The Rockwood classification, which is based on the severity of the injury, can help practitioners in finding adequate treatment options.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationShoulder Arthroscopy
Subtitle of host publicationPrinciples and Practice, Second Edition
PublisherSpringer Berlin Heidelberg
Pages667-672
Number of pages6
ISBN (Electronic)9783662668689
ISBN (Print)9783662668672
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2023
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Acromioclavicular joint
  • Acute injury
  • Chronic injury
  • Diagnosis
  • Instability

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