A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving

Tobias Hecht; Anna Feldhütter; Jonas Radlmayr; Yasuhiko Nakano; Yoshikuni Miki; Corbinian Henle; Klaus Bengler

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43

A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving

Tobias Hecht, Anna Feldhütter, Jonas Radlmayr, Yasuhiko Nakano, Yoshikuni Miki, Corbinian Henle, Klaus Bengler

Chair of Ergonomics

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

Conditionally automated driving (CAD) will lead to a paradigm shift in the field of driver state monitoring systems. High underload and the possibility of engaging in non-driving related activities will greatly influence the driver state. Level 3 also requires drivers to act as a fallback level in a take-over situation. Drivers have to get back in the loop and regain control with possible challenges due to their state. Therefore, driver state assessment will gain importance in order to ensure a safe and comfortable hand-over. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of driver state models and monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. Based on three driver state models, we focus on the commonly used driver state constructs fatigue, attention and workload. As part of this review, different definitions are summarized and possible metrics to operationalize these constructs were identified and critically reviewed. When reviewing the literature, it became apparent that driver state and the different constructs lack a common definition. Overall, eye-tracking is the technology with the most potential, but it needs further development to increase reliability. EEG lacks practicability and subjective measures are prone to misjudgement and may counteract extreme levels of fatigue.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume VI
Subtitle of host publication	Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors TEHF, Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics
Editors	Yushi Fujita, Sebastiano Bagnara, Riccardo Tartaglia, Sara Albolino, Thomas Alexander
Publisher	Springer Verlag
Pages	398-408
Number of pages	11
ISBN (Print)	9783319960739
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43
State	Published - 2019
Event	20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2018 - Florence, Italy Duration: 26 Aug 2018 → 30 Aug 2018

Publication series

Name	Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Volume	823
ISSN (Print)	2194-5357

Conference

Conference	20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2018
Country/Territory	Italy
City	Florence
Period	26/08/18 → 30/08/18

Keywords

Driver state assessment
Drowsiness
EEG
Eye-tracking
Fatigue

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43

Cite this

Hecht, T., Feldhütter, A., Radlmayr, J., Nakano, Y., Miki, Y., Henle, C., & Bengler, K. (2019). A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. In Y. Fujita, S. Bagnara, R. Tartaglia, S. Albolino, & T. Alexander (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors TEHF, Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics (pp. 398-408). (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing; Vol. 823). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43

Hecht, Tobias ; Feldhütter, Anna ; Radlmayr, Jonas et al. / A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors TEHF, Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics. editor / Yushi Fujita ; Sebastiano Bagnara ; Riccardo Tartaglia ; Sara Albolino ; Thomas Alexander. Springer Verlag, 2019. pp. 398-408 (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing).

@inproceedings{28ad56d09fcb4c7397a751d3b8462c74,

title = "A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving",

abstract = "Conditionally automated driving (CAD) will lead to a paradigm shift in the field of driver state monitoring systems. High underload and the possibility of engaging in non-driving related activities will greatly influence the driver state. Level 3 also requires drivers to act as a fallback level in a take-over situation. Drivers have to get back in the loop and regain control with possible challenges due to their state. Therefore, driver state assessment will gain importance in order to ensure a safe and comfortable hand-over. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of driver state models and monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. Based on three driver state models, we focus on the commonly used driver state constructs fatigue, attention and workload. As part of this review, different definitions are summarized and possible metrics to operationalize these constructs were identified and critically reviewed. When reviewing the literature, it became apparent that driver state and the different constructs lack a common definition. Overall, eye-tracking is the technology with the most potential, but it needs further development to increase reliability. EEG lacks practicability and subjective measures are prone to misjudgement and may counteract extreme levels of fatigue.",

keywords = "Driver state assessment, Drowsiness, EEG, Eye-tracking, Fatigue",

author = "Tobias Hecht and Anna Feldh{\"u}tter and Jonas Radlmayr and Yasuhiko Nakano and Yoshikuni Miki and Corbinian Henle and Klaus Bengler",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.; 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2018 ; Conference date: 26-08-2018 Through 30-08-2018",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43",

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Hecht, T, Feldhütter, A, Radlmayr, J, Nakano, Y, Miki, Y, Henle, C & Bengler, K 2019, A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. in Y Fujita, S Bagnara, R Tartaglia, S Albolino & T Alexander (eds), Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors TEHF, Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 823, Springer Verlag, pp. 398-408, 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2018, Florence, Italy, 26/08/18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43

A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. / Hecht, Tobias; Feldhütter, Anna; Radlmayr, Jonas et al.
Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors TEHF, Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics. ed. / Yushi Fujita; Sebastiano Bagnara; Riccardo Tartaglia; Sara Albolino; Thomas Alexander. Springer Verlag, 2019. p. 398-408 (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing; Vol. 823).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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AU - Radlmayr, Jonas

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AU - Miki, Yoshikuni

AU - Henle, Corbinian

AU - Bengler, Klaus

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Y1 - 2019

N2 - Conditionally automated driving (CAD) will lead to a paradigm shift in the field of driver state monitoring systems. High underload and the possibility of engaging in non-driving related activities will greatly influence the driver state. Level 3 also requires drivers to act as a fallback level in a take-over situation. Drivers have to get back in the loop and regain control with possible challenges due to their state. Therefore, driver state assessment will gain importance in order to ensure a safe and comfortable hand-over. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of driver state models and monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. Based on three driver state models, we focus on the commonly used driver state constructs fatigue, attention and workload. As part of this review, different definitions are summarized and possible metrics to operationalize these constructs were identified and critically reviewed. When reviewing the literature, it became apparent that driver state and the different constructs lack a common definition. Overall, eye-tracking is the technology with the most potential, but it needs further development to increase reliability. EEG lacks practicability and subjective measures are prone to misjudgement and may counteract extreme levels of fatigue.

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Hecht T, Feldhütter A, Radlmayr J, Nakano Y, Miki Y, Henle C et al. A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving. In Fujita Y, Bagnara S, Tartaglia R, Albolino S, Alexander T, editors, Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume VI: Transport Ergonomics and Human Factors TEHF, Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics. Springer Verlag. 2019. p. 398-408. (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing). doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-96074-6_43

A review of driver state monitoring systems in the context of automated driving

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Keywords

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