A physical, genetic and functional sequence assembly of the barley genome

Klaus F.X. Mayer, Robbie Waugh, Peter Langridge, Timothy J. Close, Roger P. Wise, Andreas Graner, Takashi Matsumoto, Kazuhiro Sato, Alan Schulman, Ruvini Ariyadasa, Daniela Schulte, Naser Poursarebani, Ruonan Zhou, Burkhard Steuernagel, Martin Mascher, Uwe Scholz, Bujun Shi, Kavitha Madishetty, Jan T. Svensson, Prasanna BhatMatthew Moscou, Josh Resnik, Gary J. Muehlbauer, Pete Hedley, Hui Liu, Jenny Morris, Zeev Frenkel, Avraham Korol, Hélène Bergès, Stefan Taudien, Marius Felder, Marco Groth, Matthias Platzer, Axel Himmelbach, Stefano Lonardi, Denisa Duma, Matthew Alpert, Francesa Cordero, Marco Beccuti, Gianfranco Ciardo, Yaqin Ma, Steve Wanamaker, Federica Cattonaro, Vera Vendramin, Simone Scalabrin, Slobodanka Radovic, Rod Wing, Michele Morgante, Thomas Nussbaumer, Heidrun Gundlach, Mihaela Martis, Jesse Poland, Matthias Pfeifer, Cédric Moisy, Jaakko Tanskanen, Andrea Zuccolo, Manuel Spannagl, Joanne Russell, Arnis Druka, David Marshall, Micha Bayer, David Swarbreck, Dharanya Sampath, Sarah Ayling, Melanie Febrer, Mario Caccamo, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Steve Wannamaker, Thomas Schmutzer, John W.S. Brown, Geoffrey B. Fincher, Nils Stein

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1210 Scopus citations

Abstract

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is among the world's earliest domesticated and most important crop plants. It is diploid with a large haploid genome of 5.1 gigabases (Gb). Here we present an integrated and ordered physical, genetic and functional sequence resource that describes the barley gene-space in a structured whole-genome context. We developed a physical map of 4.98 Gb, with more than 3.90 Gb anchored to a high-resolution genetic map. Projecting a deep whole-genome shotgun assembly, complementary DNA and deep RNA sequence data onto this framework supports 79,379 transcript clusters, including 26,159 'high-confidence' genes with homology support from other plant genomes. Abundant alternative splicing, premature termination codons and novel transcriptionally active regions suggest that post-transcriptional processing forms an important regulatory layer. Survey sequences from diverse accessions reveal a landscape of extensive single-nucleotide variation. Our data provide a platform for both genome-assisted research and enabling contemporary crop improvement.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)711-716
Number of pages6
JournalNature
Volume491
Issue number7426
DOIs
StatePublished - 29 Nov 2012
Externally publishedYes

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