TY - JOUR
T1 - A perspective on the design, manufacturing, and energy content of oxide all-solid-state batteries with scaffold-based composite cathodes
AU - Kriegler, Johannes
AU - Finsterbusch, Martin
AU - Liang, Yunhao
AU - Jaimez-Farnham, Elena
AU - Zaeh, Michael F.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/3/15
Y1 - 2024/3/15
N2 - Oxide all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are researched as promising substitutes for conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to enhanced safety and performance. However, challenges persist from the limited thermal processing window for sintering oxide composite cathodes, causing high electrode-electrolyte interfacial resistances. As an alternative, infiltrating porous oxide electrolyte scaffolds with cathode active materials has been demonstrated successfully on a laboratory scale. Nevertheless, the high densities of oxide solid electrolytes challenge high specific energies and energy densities in industry-relevant cell concepts. This article provides a perspective on the expected gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of all-solid-state batteries with composite cathodes fabricated by oxide electrolyte scaffold infiltration. Firstly, various manufacturing approaches for scaffold-based oxide all-solid-state batteries are reviewed, comparing the achievable cell design parameters. Subsequently, the energy contents attained in existing studies are calculated at electrode and stack levels. Finally, cell designs based on the two most prominent oxide solid electrolytes Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP) and Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) are benchmarked concerning their potential energy content by model calculations and sensitivity analyses, revealing feasible levers for improvement. This work facilitates the commercial application of the scaffold approach by highlighting relevant research directions and designing cells with competitive energy content.
AB - Oxide all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are researched as promising substitutes for conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to enhanced safety and performance. However, challenges persist from the limited thermal processing window for sintering oxide composite cathodes, causing high electrode-electrolyte interfacial resistances. As an alternative, infiltrating porous oxide electrolyte scaffolds with cathode active materials has been demonstrated successfully on a laboratory scale. Nevertheless, the high densities of oxide solid electrolytes challenge high specific energies and energy densities in industry-relevant cell concepts. This article provides a perspective on the expected gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of all-solid-state batteries with composite cathodes fabricated by oxide electrolyte scaffold infiltration. Firstly, various manufacturing approaches for scaffold-based oxide all-solid-state batteries are reviewed, comparing the achievable cell design parameters. Subsequently, the energy contents attained in existing studies are calculated at electrode and stack levels. Finally, cell designs based on the two most prominent oxide solid electrolytes Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP) and Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) are benchmarked concerning their potential energy content by model calculations and sensitivity analyses, revealing feasible levers for improvement. This work facilitates the commercial application of the scaffold approach by highlighting relevant research directions and designing cells with competitive energy content.
KW - Ceramic scaffold
KW - Composite cathode
KW - Energy density
KW - Infiltration
KW - Oxide all-solid-state battery
KW - Polymer solid electrolyte
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85183862762&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234091
DO - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234091
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85183862762
SN - 0378-7753
VL - 596
JO - Journal of Power Sources
JF - Journal of Power Sources
M1 - 234091
ER -