A perspective on the design, manufacturing, and energy content of oxide all-solid-state batteries with scaffold-based composite cathodes

Johannes Kriegler, Martin Finsterbusch, Yunhao Liang, Elena Jaimez-Farnham, Michael F. Zaeh

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Oxide all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are researched as promising substitutes for conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to enhanced safety and performance. However, challenges persist from the limited thermal processing window for sintering oxide composite cathodes, causing high electrode-electrolyte interfacial resistances. As an alternative, infiltrating porous oxide electrolyte scaffolds with cathode active materials has been demonstrated successfully on a laboratory scale. Nevertheless, the high densities of oxide solid electrolytes challenge high specific energies and energy densities in industry-relevant cell concepts. This article provides a perspective on the expected gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of all-solid-state batteries with composite cathodes fabricated by oxide electrolyte scaffold infiltration. Firstly, various manufacturing approaches for scaffold-based oxide all-solid-state batteries are reviewed, comparing the achievable cell design parameters. Subsequently, the energy contents attained in existing studies are calculated at electrode and stack levels. Finally, cell designs based on the two most prominent oxide solid electrolytes Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP) and Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) are benchmarked concerning their potential energy content by model calculations and sensitivity analyses, revealing feasible levers for improvement. This work facilitates the commercial application of the scaffold approach by highlighting relevant research directions and designing cells with competitive energy content.

Original languageEnglish
Article number234091
JournalJournal of Power Sources
Volume596
DOIs
StatePublished - 15 Mar 2024

Keywords

  • Ceramic scaffold
  • Composite cathode
  • Energy density
  • Infiltration
  • Oxide all-solid-state battery
  • Polymer solid electrolyte

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